MedWorm: Clindamycin

  DUAC (Clindamycin Phosphate And Benzoyl Peroxide) Gel [Stiefel Laboratories Inc]

Updated Date: Mar 9, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Pattern of antibiotic prescription in the management of endodontic infections amongst Spanish oral surgeons

Conclusions The majority of the members of the SECIB were selecting the appropriate antibiotic for use in endodontic infections, but there are still many who are prescribing antibiotics inappropriately. The use of antibiotics for minor infections, or in some cases in patients without infections, could be a major contributor to the world problem of antimicrobial resistance. (Source: International Endodontic Journal)

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  CLINDAMYCIN HYDROCHLORIDEcapsule, Gelatin Coated [Sandoz Inc]

Updated Date: Mar 1, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Man With Painful Skin Lesion

[Ann Emerg Med. 2010;55:302.] A 53-year-old man presented with a painful skin lesion on his left lower leg, without trauma. The lesion was initially pruritic and had appeared spontaneously 2 weeks earlier. The patient had been evaluated 1 week earlier and was prescribed clindamycin for presumed cellulitis. Despite this, the lesion continued to grow. The patient had a history of peripheral vascular disease and had resumed receiving warfarin sodium for this 1 week before appearance of the lesion. On physical examination, the patient was afebrile, with a 5-cm-×-7-cm nonraised area of ecchymosis with an erythematous border on the anterior left lower leg (). (Source: Annals of Emergency Medicine)

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  Blame inappropriate implementation for failure of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for group B Streptococcus

In this issue of The Journal, Blaschke et al from Salt Lake City, Utah, provide the case that was bound to happen. With increasing resistance of group B Streptococcus (GBS) to erythromycin and clindamycin, and too-quick, too-easy reflex to substitute clindamycin for penicillin or ampicillin when mother has a history of penicillin “allergy,” the math was going to add up to transmission and disease due to a clindamycin-resistant GBS in a newborn. Blaschke et al provide the case—an “old fashioned” one—of severe early-onset disease in an otherwise healthy term infant, whose mother received IAP with clindamycin. (Source: The Journal of Pediatrics)

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  Characterization of CEM-101 Activity Against Gram-Positive Organisms.

Authors: Woosley LN, Castanheira M, Jones RN In vitro activity of CEM-101, a new fluoroketolide, was determined against Gram-positive organisms with various macrolide susceptibility profiles. Experiments for determination of MIC and MBC, timed-killing, single-step and multistep mutation rates, erythromycin induction of resistance, post-antibiotic effect (PAE) and drug interactions were performed for CEM-101 and results compared to telithromycin, macrolides and lincosamides. CEM-101 MBC results remained overall lower than those of telithromycin and CEM-101 displayed a two-fold greater potency compared the ketolide. Timed-killing curve testing resulted in CEM-101 having greater bactericidal activity than telithromycin (>/=3 log10 CFU/ml decrease of initial inoculum at 24 hours) for th...

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  The pharmacokinetics of clindamycin in pregnant women in the peripartum period.

Authors: Muller AE, Mouton JW, Oostvogel PM, Dörr PJ, Voskuyl RA, Dejongh J, Steegers EA, Danhof M The study was performed to describe the pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered clindamycin in pregnant women. 7 pregnant women treated with clindamycin were recruited. Maternal blood, arterial and venous umbilical cord blood samples were obtained. Maternal clindamycin concentrations were analyzed with nonlinear mixed-effects modeling using NONMEM. Data were best described by a linear three-compartment model. Clearance and volume of distribution at steady state were 10.0 L/h and 6.32 x 10(3) L. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to determine the area under concentration curve for the free (unbound) drug in maternal serum for 24 hours over the MIC (fAUC0-24h/MIC). At a MIC ...

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  Expanded Clinical Presentation of Community-Acquired MRSA Pneumonia.

CONCLUSION: CA-MRSA pneumonia is also not necessarily a post influenza infection. Despite necrotizing features in many, the mortality of CA-MRSA pneumonia in our series is lower than previously reported and patients do not routinely require ICU care. Treatment with antibiotics which inhibit exotoxin production and/or nontoxigenic strains may explain this improved outcome. PMID: 20173050 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chest)

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  CLINDAMYCIN PHOSPHATElotion CLINDAMYCIN PHOSPHATEsolution CLINDAMYCIN PHOSPHATEgel [E. FOUGERA CO., A Division Of Nycomed US Inc.]

Updated Date: Feb 18, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles in Streptococcus agalactiae colonizing strains: association of erythromycin resistance with subtype III-1 genetic clone family

Clin Microbiol Infect Knowledge of the epidemiology of Streptococcus agalactiae in Portugal is limited: therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the carriage rate of S. agalactiae among Portuguese women of reproductive age and the prevalence of antibiotic resistance, as well as to perform a molecular characterization of the clinical isolates. S. agalactiae was recovered from 6.2% of 4269 women during the period 2005[ndash]2007, with a predominance of capsular genotypes III (35%), V (33%), Ia (16%) and II (10%) in a sample of 100 isolates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the S. agalactiae colonization rate in Portugal determined according to CDC guidelines. All isolates were susceptible to penicillin and vancomycin, whereas resistance to clindamycin and erythromycin w...

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  CLINDAMYCIN HYDROCHLORIDEcapsule [KAISER FOUNDATION HOSPITALS]

Updated Date: Feb 16, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Detection of resistance genes and susceptibility patterns in Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains.

Authors: Boente RF, Ferreira LQ, Falcão LS, Miranda KR, Guimarães PL, Santos-Filho J, Vieira JM, Barroso DE, Emond JP, Ferreira EO, Paula GR, Domingues RM Susceptibility to five antimicrobials was determined for Bacteroides spp. (n= 52) and Parabacteroides distasonis (n= 8). All isolates were susceptible to metronidazole. The resistance rates to ampicillin, cefoxitin, tetracycline and clindamycin were 98%, 9.6%, 65.3% and 19.2% of the Bacteroides strains, respectively. The genes cepA, cfiA, cfxA, tetQ, ermF and nim were found in 69.2%, 17.3% 9.6%, 50%, 7.7% and 3.8% for these strains respectively. All P. distasonis strains were resistant to ampicilin. Cefoxitin, tetracycline and clindamycin resistance rates were 75%, 87.5% and 50%, respectively. The ermF and nim genes were ab...

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  CLINDAMYCIN HYDROCHLORIDEcapsule [Greenstone LLC]

Updated Date: Feb 12, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  CLINDAMYCIN HYDROCHLORIDEcapsule [Stat Rx USA]

Updated Date: Feb 12, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  CLINTABS (Clindamycin Hydrochloride) Tablet [Virbac AH, Inc.]

Updated Date: Feb 12, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  CLEOCIN HYDROCHLORIDE (Clindamycin Hydrochloride) Capsule [Pharmacia And Upjohn Company]

Updated Date: Feb 12, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  CLINSOL (Clindamycin Hydrochloride) Liquid [Virbac AH, Inc.]

Updated Date: Feb 12, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Risk factors for development of C.difficile-associated diarrhoea following prophylactic antibiotics for surgical infections

Source: Ann Surg Area: News It is well known that multiple antibiotics contribute to the development of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea (CDAD); however the role of preventive antibiotics is unproven.   To further investigate, researchers prospectively reviewed an 11-year (December 1996 and September 2007) dataset of consecutive infections treated in surgical patients at a single hospital in Virginia. All intra-abdominal, surgical site, or skin/skin structure infections were identified. Each infection was evaluated for antibiotic coverage (metronidazole, penicillins, ureidopenicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and clindamycin) and subsequent CDAD.   The following findings were noted: . A total of 4178 infections wer...

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  Epidemiology of invasive Streptococcus pyogenes  disease in Germany during 2003–2007

A nationwide laboratory-based surveillance study of invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infections was conducted in Germany. Invasive isolates (n=586) were obtained between 2003 and 2007. Most isolates were obtained from blood (53.9%) or skin lesions (17.6%). The most common emm types were emm 1 (30.5%), emm 28 (18.3%) and emm 3 (9.6%). Overall, speA was positive in 45.9%, speC in 44.7% and ssa in 14.8% of isolates. SpeA was common in emm type 1 (100%) and emm type 3 (96.4%), whereas speC was often observed in emm type 28 (93.5%). The most frequent clinical manifestations included sepsis (40.1%), necrotizing fasciitis (20.8%) and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (16.6%). All isolates were susceptible to penicillin G, cefotaxime and levofloxacin. Tetracycline shows the highest rate of resista...

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  Antibiotic Susceptibility of Bifidobacterial Strains Distributed in the Japanese Market.

Authors: Xiao JZ, Takahashi S, Odamaki T, Yaeshima T, Iwatsuki K The aim of the present study was to analyze the antibiotic susceptibility of bifidobacterial strains distributed in the Japanese market. A total of 23 strains, including probiotic isolates from foods, supplements, pharmaceuticals and reference strains of each species (or subspecies), were tested for susceptibility to 15 antibiotics by the broth microdilution method and examined for the presence of possible resistant determinants. The strains were susceptible overall to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, vancomycin and linezolid, and were intrinsically resistant to aminoglycoside group agents. Susceptibility to erythromycin, clindamycin, rifampicin, tetracycline and trimethoprim varied among the strains. All strains of Bifidobac...

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  CLINDAMYCIN PHOSPHATEaerosol, Foam [Perrigo New York Inc]

Updated Date: Feb 2, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Staggered Sensitivity Results

A 60-year-old woman with squamous cell carcinoma of the glottis underwent laryngectomy, anterior neck dissection, and pectoralis flap reconstruction of the anterior esophagus. Postoperatively, she was started on clindamycin for surgical site infection prophylaxis. On postoperative day three, increased drainage from the surgical site was noted. On postoperative day six, the patient had to return to the OR for exploration, and the site revealed purulent material with involvement of the jugular sheath. The surgeon cultured, irrigated, and reclosed the site. (Source: AORN Journal)

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  BenzaClin Earns Higher Scores Than Differin for Acne Therapy

BERLIN — Quality-of-life scores were significantly better at all time points in patients with mild to moderate acne treated with clindamycin 1% plus benzoyl peroxide 5% gel, when compared with adapalene 0.1% gel. (Source: Internal Medicine News)

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  [Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Legionella isolates in the Environment and in Patients.]

CONCLUSIONS: Legionella spp. isolates from Korea and Japan were most susceptible to gatifloxacin. Azithromycin, clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and gemifloxacin were also effective for treating legionellosis. PMID: 20197719 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Korean Journal of Laboratory Medicine)

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  Daily compared with 8-hour gentamicin for the treatment of intrapartum chorioamnionitis: a randomized controlled trial.

CONCLUSION:: Daily and 8-hour gentamicin appear equally effective for the treatment of intrapartum chorioamnionitis. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:: ClinicalTrials.gov, www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT00185991. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:: I. PMID: 20093909 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology)

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  Clindamycin hydrochloride monohydrate and its ethanol solvate

Clindamycin hydrochloride, an antibiotic of the lincomycin family, was crystallized as the monohydrate, namely (2S,4R)-2-(N-{(1S,2S)-2-chloro-1-[(3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(methylsulfanyl)perhydropyran-2-yl]propyl}aminocarbonyl)-4-propylpyrrolidinium chloride monohydrate, C18H34ClN2O5S+·Cl−·H2O, (I), and as the monohydrate ethanol solvate, C18H34ClN2O5S+·Cl−·H2O·C2H6O, (II). The conformation of the clindamycin molecule in both crystal structures is the same and is found to be similar to that in enzyme-bound clindamycin. The simultaneous presence of free chloride ions and water molecules in (I) and of additional ethanol molecules in (II) provides an interesting network of hydrogen bonds. The significance of this study lies in the interactions in these structures and the aggre...

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  Tooth Decay

An ER physician 110 miles away, calling the OMS on call on the STAT transfer line: “This young boy came to the ER two days ago with a toothache and minimal swelling. He was placed on Clindamycin and his parents were instructed to take him to see a dentist. His parents did not have the money for that visit so it did not happen. He now returns with trismus, difficulty swallowing, change in voice, inability to handle secretions, white count of 25 K, and temp of 39º C. CT scan shows an impending Ludwig's angina. Oh, and we do not have an oral and maxillofacial surgeon here on call and our surgeon says it is out of his area of expertise.”“It sounds like he is too sick to transport by ground. We'll call for helicopter transport. Forward the CT electronically into PACS,” came the reply. ...

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  Clindamycin: Acute hepatotoxicity: case report

(Source: Reactions)

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  A patient with Lemierre syndrome

We present the case of a previously healthy 12-year-old boy with Lemierre syndrome, caused by streptococci (Abiotrophia defectiva), complicating a subcutaneous neck abscess. The patient had metastatic sequelae, was treated with antibiotics (clindamycin and vancomycin) and low molecular weight heparin, and had an uneventful outcome. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Short ReportDOI 10.1007/s00431-009-1134-6Authors Efthimia G. Vargiami, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 1st Pediatric Clinic Dorilaiou 3, Kalamaria Thessaloniki 55133 GreeceE. Farmaki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 1st Pediatric Clinic Dorilaiou 3, Kalamaria Thessaloniki 55133 GreeceD. Tasiopoulou, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 1st Pediatric Clinic Dorilaiou 3, Kalamaria Thessaloniki 55133 GreeceD. I. ...

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  Lung abscess and pleuritis caused by Lactobacillus rhamnosus in an immunocompetent patient

Abstract  A 79-year-old man consulted us because of left chest pain and fever ranging from 38.0 to 38.9°C. A chest computed tomography scan showed a mass lesion (φ40 mm) in the left lingular segment, and inflammatory markers were elevated. He was admitted with a diagnosis of lung abscess, and panipenem/betamipron was administered at a dose of 2 g/day, after which the symptoms showed slight transient resolution. However, his body temperature increased again, to more than 39.0°C, on the eighth day of hospitalization, and a chest radiograph suggested pleuritis as a complication. The antibiotics were changed to teicoplanin (TEIC; 400 mg/day) and meropenem (2.0 g/day). Thoracic drainage and pleural lavage were initiated at the same time. Lactobacillus spp. ...

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  Cleocin (Clindamycin) - updated on RxList

Cleocin (Clindamycin) drug description - FDA approved labeling for prescription drugs and medications at RxList (Source: RxList - New and Updated Drug Monographs)

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  CLEOCIN PEDIATRIC (Clindamycin Palmitate Hydrochloride) Granule, For Solution [Pharmacia And Upjohn Company ]

Updated Date: Jan 11, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Clindamycin-Resistant Group B Streptococcus and Failure of Intrapartum Prophylaxis to Prevent Early-Onset Disease

We report a case of clindamycin-resistant GBS disease in a newborn infant whose mother received clindamycin IAP, and we review clindamycin susceptibility testing. (Source: The Journal of Pediatrics)

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  Clinical and Economic Impact of Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonization or Infection on Neonates in Intensive Care Units • 

Conclusions. MRSA colonization or infection in infants is associated with significant morbidity and financial burden but is not independently associated with increased mortality. (Source: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol Latest Issue)

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  Hospital‐Acquired Staphylococcus aureus Infections at Texas Children’s Hospital, 2001–2007 • 

Conclusions. In our patient population, the annual numbers of observed cases of hospital‐acquired S. aureus infection have remained constant. USA300 was the most common clone and, compared with other non‐USA300 MRSA isolates, was associated with skin and soft tissue infection, early onset of infection after admission, and greater susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. (Source: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol Latest Issue)

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  Emergence of Resistance to Azithromycin‐Atovaquone in Immunocompromised Patients with Babesia microti Infection

Conclusions. B. microti may become resistant to azithromycin‐atovaquone during the treatment of babesiosis with this combined drug regimen in highly immunocompromised patients. Although research is needed to determine the optimal therapy for highly immunocompromised patients with babesiosis, reducing the level of immunosuppression when possible would appear to be a desirable strategy. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases Latest Issue)

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  Evaluation and comparison of the antimicrobial efficacy of teicoplanin- and clindamycin-coated titanium implants: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY.

Authors: Aykut S, Oztürk A, Ozkan Y, Yanik K, Ilman AA, Ozdemir RM We studied the effects of coating titanium implants with teicoplanin and clindamycin in 30 New Zealand White rabbits which were randomly assigned to three groups. The intramedullary canal of the left tibia of each rabbit was inoculated with 500 colony forming units of Staphylococcus aureus. Teicoplanin-coated implants were implanted into rabbits in group 1, clindamycin-coated implants into rabbits in group 2, and uncoated implants into those in group 3. All the rabbits were killed one week later. The implants were removed and cultured together with pieces of tibial bone and wound swabs. The rate of colonisation of the organisms in the three groups was compared. Organisms were cultured from no rabbits in group 1, on...

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  Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Rhapontigenin Produced from Rhapontin by Biotransformation against Propionibacterium acnes.

Authors: Kim JK, Kim N, Lim YH Biotransformation is often used to improve chemical activity. We evaluated the antimicrobial activity of rhapontigenin, converted from rhapontin after treatment with Pectinex. Rhapontigenin showed 4-16 times higher antimicrobial activity than rhapontin. Activity was higher against Gram positive strains than Gram negative strains. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of rhapontigenin, retinol, and five antibiotics were determined by microbroth dilution method for antibiotic-sensitive and -resistant Propionibacterium acnes. We also investigated the in vitro antibacterial activity of rhapontigenin in combination with antibiotic against antibiotic-resistant P. acnes. The antibiotic combination effect against resistant P. acnes was studied by checkerboard ...

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  CLINDESSE (Clindamycin Phosphate) Cream [Ther-Rx Corporation]

Updated Date: Dec 23, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  CLINDAMYCIN PHOSPHATE AND BENZOYL PEROXIDEkit [Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.]

Updated Date: Dec 18, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Onset Therapeutics Announces Results Of BenzEFoam™ Skin Hydration Study

Onset Therapeutics, a specialty pharmaceutical company focused in dermatology, today announced positive results from a skin moisturization study that compared the Company's recently launched BenzEFoam™ (benzoyl peroxide 5.3%) Emollient Foam to a market leading combination gel containing clindamycin 1% - benzoyl peroxide 5%. BenzEFoam™ Emollient Foam is indicated for the topical treatment of mild to moderate acne vulgaris and is the first prescription foam formulation containing benzoyl peroxide as the active ingredient... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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  Onset Therapeutics Announces Results Of BenzEFoam™ Skin Hydration Study

Onset Therapeutics, a specialty pharmaceutical company focused in dermatology, today announced positive results from a skin moisturization study that compared the Company's recently launched BenzEFoam™ (benzoyl peroxide 5.3%) Emollient Foam to a market leading combination gel containing clindamycin 1% - benzoyl peroxide 5%... (Source: Dermatology News From Medical News Today)

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  Onset Therapeutics Announces Results Of BenzEFoam™ Skin Hydration Study

Onset Therapeutics, a specialty pharmaceutical company focused in dermatology, today announced positive results from a skin moisturization study that compared the Company's recently launched BenzEFoam™ (benzoyl peroxide 5.3%) Emollient Foam to a market leading combination gel containing clindamycin 1% - benzoyl peroxide 5%... (Source: Dermatology News From Medical News Today)

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  Clindamycin: Vasculitis in elderly patients: 2 case reports

(Source: Reactions)

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  CLINDAMYCIN (Clindamycin Phosphate) Injection, Solution [APP Pharmaceuticals, LLC]

Updated Date: Dec 15, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Clinical and Economic Impact of Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonization or Infection on Neonates in Intensive Care Units

Conclusions. MRSA colonization or infection in infants is associated with significant morbidity and financial burden but is not independently associated with increased mortality. (Source: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol Latest Issue)

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  CLINDAMYCIN (Clindamycin Phosphate) Injection, Solution [APP Pharmaceuticals, LLC]

Updated Date: Dec 14, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Hospital‐Acquired Staphylococcus aureus Infections at Texas Children’s Hospital, 2001–2007

Conclusions. In our patient population, the annual numbers of observed cases of hospital‐acquired S. aureus infection have remained constant. USA300 was the most common clone and, compared with other non‐USA300 MRSA isolates, was associated with skin and soft tissue infection, early onset of infection after admission, and greater susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. (Source: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol Latest Issue)

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  Which drug is effective and safe for acute malaria in pregnancy? Reviewing the evidence

During pregnancy, a woman living or travelling in a malaria endemic area is more at risk of contracting the disease and developing a severe infection and dying than a non-pregnant woman. Despite this increased morbidity and mortality in pregnancy, there are almost no studies on which to base recommendations on the use of antimalarial drugs in this vulnerable group. This is because, paradoxically, the emphasis is often put on the safety of the unborn child rather than that of the infested mother. As a result of this neglect, tens of thousands of pregnant women (and their fetuses) are dying every year of a very preventable and treatable infection. In recent years, some trials have been conducted, especially in areas of high resistance in Plasmodium falciparum in South East Asia. The results ...

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  Cleocin HCl (Clindamycin Hydrochloride Capsules) - updated on RxList

Cleocin HCl (Clindamycin Hydrochloride Capsules) drug description - FDA approved labeling for prescription drugs and medications at RxList (Source: RxList - New and Updated Drug Monographs)

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  PICOMM-Issue 52

Inducible clindamycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus: A study from North India Journal of Postgraduate Medicine V Gupta, P Datta, H Rani, J Chander Original Article: Background : The resistance to antimicrobial agents among Staphylococci is an increasing problem. The resistance to macrolide can be mediated by msr A gene coding for efflux mechanism or via erm gene encoding [...] (Source: Podiatry Internet Communications)

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  False Serologic Evidence for Acute Primary Toxoplasmosis During Liver Transplantation for Fulminant Hepatitis B: A Case Report

We describe the case of a 25-year-old woman who received a liver transplantation for life-threatening liver failure due to hepatitis B virus infection. The presence of high IgM titers against T. gondii, as detected by membrane immunoassay, immunofluorescence, and μ-capture ELISA tests, together with the absence of IgG antibodies in the immediate pretransplant serology screening suggested acute primary T. gondii infection at the time of transplantation. We initiated a preemptive therapy with intravenous clindamycin and cotrimoxazole. However, negative PCR and IgA capture assays, together with the absence of a sustained IgG response finally excluded the initial diagnosis of primary toxoplasmosis, leading to discontinuation of antitoxoplasmosis therapy. This case illustrates the problem that...

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  Toxoplasmosis

Abstract: Toxoplasma gondii is a worldwide zoonotic infection. The sexual cycle occurs only in the cat family: only the cat's faeces are infectious; but cysts in animals and birds can cause infection when these are consumed. Acquired acute toxoplasma infection can be asymptomatic or have nonspecific flu-like symptoms. Lymphadenopathy is the most recognized presentation and may last more than six months. Retinochoroiditis is usually a result of reactivated congenital infection. Increasingly recognized is chronic infection producing a chronic fatigue syndrome. Reactivated infections, especially in the immunocompromised, are a major problem and prophylaxis is sometimes required. Toxoplasma status should also be determined before transplantation. Current infection is diagnosed by a high or fou...

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  The influence of antibiotics on the changing epidemiology of Clostridium difficile.

Authors: Taori SK, Hall V, Poxton I An increase in incidence of clinical cases of Clostridium difficile infection has been reported in recent years but few studies have examined the changes in molecular epidemiology and antibiotic resistance over a long period of time. A collection of 179 isolates of C. difficile obtained from symptomatic adult patients in southern Scotland between 1979 and 2004 was used to determine changes in the prevalence of epidemiological types and antibiotic susceptibilities to common antibiotics. PCR ribotyping and MICs were performed on all isolates. A total of 56 different ribotypes was identified among which ribotype 002 was the commonest type overall (14%), followed by ribotypes 014 (7.3%), 012 (5%), 015 (5%), 020(5%), and 001 (4.5%). Ribotype 078 was also ...

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  Reporting clinical trials: Why one plus one does not equal two

To the Editor: We read with interest Thiboutot et al's November 2008 report of safety and efficacy of a product containing clindamycin phosphate 1.2% and benzoyl peroxide 2.5% for treatment of acne. In the report, Thiboutot et al present combined data from two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) as if the two RCTs were in fact one large RCT. Unfortunately, such an approach is invalid. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology)

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  Linezolid surveillance program results for 2008 (LEADER Program for 2008)

In conclusion, linezolid activity sampled by the 5th year of this LEADER Program showed sustained potency and spectrum (99.64% susceptibility levels). The nonsusceptible strain isolation rates remained stable and the plasmid-mediated ribosomal-based resistance mechanism that emerged in Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains in 2007 showed no evidence of dissemination or increased prevalence. However, there was evidence of cfr persistence with the S. epidermidis strain. The LEADER Program continues to be an effective and sensitive surveillance tool to detect and monitor novel oxazolidinone resistance phenotypes and genotypes. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)

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  Zyvox® Annual Appraisal of Potency and Spectrum program: linezolid surveillance program results for 2008

In conclusion, the activity of linezolid remained uniform and stable across the sampled geographic regions studied when compared to the 2006 to 2007 results. Documented LZD-R remains rare (only 0.13% overall but highest for CoNS [0.41%] and enterococci [0.69%]) among the 24 countries sampled for the 6 different pathogen groups. Rates of clindamycin resistance and the frequency of MRSA varied by geographic region and between nations; therefore, like oxazolidinones, it requires continued surveillance for changing resistance patterns. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)

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  Molecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Mechanisms of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Bovine Milk

The aim of this study was to identify methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains gathered from 2002 to 2006 from milk samples in Aydin region in Turkey. Among 93 S. aureus strains isolated from bovine milk with mastitis, 16 were resistant to methicillin. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains were studied further for their staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) types, pulsotypes, spa and MLST types, antimicrobial susceptibilities, mechanisms of resistance and presence of Panton[ndash]Valentine leucocidin (PVL) toxin gene. The MRSA strains were multi-drug resistant. The susceptibility rates to antimicrobials tested were 0%, 0%, 0%, 0%, 6.25%, 16.25% and 56.25% for erythromycin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, tetracyclin, ciprofloxacin and vancomycin, res...

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  Determination of the mutant selection window for clindamycin, doxycycline, linezolid, moxifloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole against community-associated meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

In this study, mutant prevention concentration (MPC) testing was used to investigate the propensity for future resistance induction in CA-MRSA by clindamycin, doxycycline, linezolid, moxifloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Four CA-MRSA isolates [two each of clones USA300 (10841 and NRS384) and USA400 (2833 and NRS123)] were tested as well as a single hospital-acquired strain (NRS385). A variable hierarchy of the tested antimicrobials with respect to the percentage of the dosage interval that concentrations fall within the mutant selection window (%TMSW) was determined, with all antimicrobials achieving %TMSW values >20%. Against the hospital-acquired strain, all antimicrobials except linezolid (%TMSW=74.10%) and moxifloxacin (%TMSW=21.65%) are predicted to attain concentrations bel...

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  A variant of the Southern German clone of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is predominant in Croatia

Clin Microbiol Infect The aim of the present study was to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility patterns and molecular epidemiology of clinical methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates recovered in 24 hospitals in 20 cities in Croatia from October to December 2004. A total of 1815 consecutive S. aureus isolates were recovered, 248 of which were MRSA. The MRSA isolates were analysed using spa typing, multilocus sequence typing and SCCmec typing. Furthermore, the presence of Panton[ndash]Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes was determined as a genetic marker for community-associated MRSA. The MRSA prevalence was 14%. Ninety-six per cent of the MRSA isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, 95% to clindamycin and azithromycin, 94% to gentamicin, and 93% to erythromycin. The...

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  Clinical efficacy of first- and second-line treatments for HIV-associated Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia: a tri-centre cohort study

Conclusions Pentamidine was associated with a greater risk of death when used as first- and second-line therapy for HIV-associated PCP, and was associated with more treatment changes. Clindamycin/primaquine appeared superior to pentamidine as second-line therapy for PCP in patients failing or developing toxicity with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. In patients failing first-line treatment with non-trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole regimens, second-line therapy should be trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)

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  A fatal case of transfusion-transmitted babesiosis in the State of Delaware.

CONCLUSIONS: We believe that this is the first reported case of transfusion-transmitted babesiosis in Delaware, a nonendemic state. Our case illustrates that clinicians should consider babesiosis in the differential diagnosis of immunocompromised patients who have fever and recent transfusion history, even in areas where babesiosis is not endemic. It also demonstrates the need for better preventive strategies including more sensitive, specific, and rapid blood donor screening tests to prevent transfusion-transmitted babesiosis. PMID: 19906041 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Transfusion)

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  Twenty-five year epidemiology of invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates recovered at a burn center

In this study we, evaluate the changes in PFT and antimicrobial resistance epidemiology of invasive MRSA isolates over 25 years at a single burn unit. Isolates were tested by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), broth microdilution antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and PCR for the virulence factors Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL) and arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME), and the resistance marker staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec (SCCmec). Forty isolates were screened, revealing stable vancomycin susceptibility MIC without changes over time but decreasing susceptibility to clindamycin and ciprofloxacin. The majority of PFGE types were MRSA USA800 carrying the SCCmec I element and USA100 carrying the SCCmec II element. No strains typically associated with community-ass...

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  CLINDAMAX (Clindamycin Phosphate) Cream [PHARMADERM. A Division Of Nycomed US Inc.]

Updated Date: Nov 6, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Inducible clindamycin resistance in

Conclusions : Clindamycin is kept as a reserve drug and is usually advocated in severe MRSA infections depending upon the antimicrobial susceptibility results. We have reported a higher incidence of iMLS B from both community (66.67%) as well as hospital (33.33%) setup. Therefore clinical microbiology laboratory should report inducible clindamycin resistance routinely. (Source: Journal of Postgraduate Medicine)

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  CLINDAMYCIN PHOSPHATEaerosol, Foam [Perrigo New York Inc]

Updated Date: Nov 2, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  In vitro activity of cem-101 against streptococcus pneumoniae and streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms.

IN VITRO ACTIVITY OF CEM-101 AGAINST STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE AND STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES WITH DEFINED MACROLIDE RESISTANCE MECHANISMS. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009 Nov 2; Authors: McGhee P, Clark C, Kosowska-Shick K, Nagai K, Dewasse B, Beachel L, Appelbaum PC CEM-101 had an MIC range against macrolide-susceptible pneumococci of 0.002-0.016 mug/ml and of 0.004-1 mug/ml against macrolide-resistant phenotypes. Only 3 strains with erm(B) +/- mef(A) had CEM-101 MICs of 1 mug/ml and 218/221 strains had CEM-101 MICs </=0.5 mug/ml. CEM-101 MICs were up to 4-fold lower than those of telithromycin against all strains. Against Streptococcus pyogenes, CEM-101 MICs ranged between 0.008-0.03 mug/ml against macrolide-susceptible, and 0.015-1 mug/ml against -resistant strains. Against...

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  Propionibacterium acnes infection after shoulder arthroplasty: A diagnostic challenge

This study reviewed a series of patients diagnosed with Propionibacterium acnes infection after shoulder arthroplasty in order to describe its clinical presentation, the means of diagnosis, and provide options for treatment.Materials and methods: From 2002 to 2006, 11 patients diagnosed with P acnes infection after shoulder arthroplasty were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed for (1) clinical diagnosis; (2) laboratory data, including white blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP); (3) fever; (4) number of days for laboratory growth of P acnes; (5) organism sensitivities; (6) antibiotic regimen and length of treatment; and (7) surgical management. Infection was diagnosed by 2 positive cultures.Results: Five patients had an initial diagnosis of ...

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  Pneumocystis pneumonia in children

Summary: Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a life-threatening infection in immunocompromised children with quantitative and qualitative defects in T lymphocytes. At risk are children with lymphoid malignancies, HIV infection, corticosteroid therapy, transplantation and primary immunodeficiency states. Diagnosis is established through direct examination or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from respiratory secretions. Trimethoprim–sulphamethoxazole is used for initial therapy in most patients, while pentamidine, atovaquone, clindamycin plus primaquine, and dapsone plus trimethoprim are alternatives. Prophylaxis of high-risk patients reduces but does not eliminate the risk of PCP. Improved understanding of the pathogenesis of PCP is important for future advances against this life-threatening i...

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  Detection of new mutations conferring resistance to linezolid in glycopeptide-intermediate susceptibility Staphylococcus hominis subspecies hominis circulating in an intensive care unit

This report alerts to the possible appearance of clinical strains of methicillin-resistant staphylococci with intermediate resistance to glycopeptides, resistance to linezolid, and multiple resistance to other second-line antibiotics. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10096-009-0823-4Authors A. Sorlozano, University of Granada Departamento de Microbiologia, Facultad de Medicina Avda de Madrid 11 18012 Granada SpainJ. Gutierrez, University of Granada Departamento de Microbiologia, Facultad de Medicina Avda de Madrid 11 18012 Granada SpainT. Martinez, San Cecilio University Hospital Service of Microbiology Granada SpainM. E. Yuste, San Cecilio University Hospital Intensive Care Unit Granada SpainJ. A. Perez-Lopez, San Cecilio University Hospital Service of Microb...

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  CLEOCIN PEDIATRIC (Clindamycin Palmitate Hydrochloride) Granule, For Solution [Pharmacia And Upjohn Company ]

Updated Date: Oct 27, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Prevalence of serotypes and antimicrobial resistance of invasive strains of pneumococcus in children: analysis of 9 years.

CONCLUSIONS: Penicillin resistance was detected in 9.9% of the strains, being predominant from 2004 to 2008. Twenty different pneumococcal serotypes were identified, and 71.9% of the serotypes were represented in the 7-valent conjugate vaccine (PN CRM7) currently available. PMID: 19859623 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Jornal de Pediatria)

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  Clindamycin-primaquine versus pentamidine for the second-line treatment of pneumocystis pneumonia

Abstract  There are limited data on the efficacy of alternative regimens for treating patients with pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). We compared the efficacy of clindamycin-primaquine (C-P) with that of pentamidine as a secondline treatment for PCP. Among 91 patients receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) as a first-line treatment for PCP, 31 (34%) did not respond and 7 (8%) had adverse reactions. Fourteen patients received C-P and 9 received pentamidine as a second-line regimen because of treatment failure or an adverse reaction to TMP-SMX. The response rate of patients to C-P was higher than the response rate to pentamidine (9/14; 64% vs 1/9; 11%; P = 0.03). Content Type Journal ArticleCategory NoteDOI 10.1007/s10156-009-0710-zAuthors Tark Kim, Asan Medical Ce...

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  Management of acne vulgaris: an evidence-based update

This review summarizes clinically important findings from 3 systematic reviews, 1 updated guideline and a selection from the 62 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between February 2007 and January 2009 on the topic of acne vulgaris. Low glycaemic-load diets might reduce acne severity but this remains unproven. Written patient information leaflets have not been surpassed by other communication methods. New combination topical treatments have not shown convincing advantages over current combination products such as clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide. Topical dapsone is superior to placebo but has yet to be compared with standard topical treatments. Long-term topical tretinoin to prevent nonmelanoma skin cancer in elderly men was associated with higher all-cause mortality, but there is c...

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  Second-line salvage treatment of AIDS-associated Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia: a case series and systematic review

Source: DARE Area: Evidence > Disease Focused Reviews CRD Summary: The authors concluded that trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole should be used as second-line treatment for patients with AIDS-associated Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia who fail first-line treatment with other regimens. The limited search, incomplete reporting of review methods, differences between studies and lack of direct comparisons between treatments meant that the authors' conclusions may not be reliable. [For second-line treatment most studies used pentamidine; other studies used trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), clindamycin-primaquine (C-P), or atovaquone.] CRD Commentary: The review question was clearly stated. Inclusion criteria were defined for intervention, participants, outcomes and study design. Althoug...

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  New Study Assesses Skin Hydration and Epidermal Function of 2.5% and 5% Benzoyl Peroxide-Clindamycin Combinations

clin-BPO 2.5% was superior in maintaining skin hydration than twice daily clin-BPO 5% clin-BPO 2.5% revealed no evidence of epidermal barrier impairment FT. WORTH, Texas--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Oct 20, 2009 - Dermatologists agree that topical... (Source: Drugs.com - Clinical Trials)

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  CLINDAMYCIN PHOSPHATEcream [E. FOUGERA CO. A Division Of Nycomed US Inc.]

Updated Date: Oct 20, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Perrigo Announces Dismissal of Duac(R) Patent Litigation

ALLEGAN, Mich., Oct. 19 (HSMN NewsFeed) -- Perrigo Company (Nasdaq: PRGO; TASE) announced today that the Hatch-Waxman litigation relating to Duac® Gel (clindamycin phosphate (1%) and benzoyl peroxide (5%) gel) filed by the Stiefel Laboratories divisi... Biopharmaceuticals, Generics, LitigationPerrigo, GlaxoSmithKline, Duac , clindamycin (Source: HSMN NewsFeed)

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  Acenocoumarol/clindamycin interaction: First report of an interaction, leading to spontaneous haematoma in an elderly patient: case report

(Source: Reactions)

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  Continuous Clindamycin Infusion: an Innovative Approach to Treating Bone and Joint Infection.

Authors: Zeller V, Dzeing-Ella A, Kitzis MD, Ziza JM, Mamoudy P, Desplaces N Feasibility, safety and efficacy of prolonged, continuous, intravenous clindamycin therapy were retrospectively evaluated for 70 patients treated for bone and joint infections, 40% as outpatients. Median treatment duration was 40 days, median daily clindamycin dose was 2400 mg and 3 moderate-grade adverse events occurred. Median serum clindamycin concentrations on days 3-14 and 8-28 were 5 and 6.2 mg/liter, respectively; the median concentration was significantly lower (P<0.02) in patients treated with rifampin (5.3 mg/liter) versus without rifampin (8.9 mg/liter). Among 53 patients with a median [range] follow-up of 30 [24-53] months, 49 (92%) were considered cured (1 relapse, 3 reinfections). PMID: 19...

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  In vitro activity of mirincamycin (U24729A) in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Gabon.

Authors: Held J, Westerman R, Kremsner PG, Mordmüller B We assessed the in vitro activity of mirincamycin, a lincosamide antibiotic, against Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates from Gabon. Growth was determined by HRP2-ELISA using an adapted protocol with prolonged incubation time (6 days) to account for antibiotic induced delayed death. Mirincamycin's cis and trans isomers are more active (median IC50: 3.2 nM and 2.6 nM) than the comparator drugs clindamycin (IC50: 12 nM) and doxycycline (IC50: 720 nM) and therefore further clinical development is promising. PMID: 19841147 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy)

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  EVOCLIN (Clindamycin Phosphate) Aerosol, Foam [Stiefel Laboratories Inc]

Updated Date: Oct 14, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  ACANYA (Clindamycin Phosphate And Benzoyl Peroxide) Kit [Dow Pharmaceuticals Sciences]

Updated Date: Oct 14, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  New Study Assesses Skin Hydration And Epidermal Function Of 2.5% And 5% Benzoyl Peroxide-Clindamycin Combinations

Las Vegas, NV – October 15, 2009 – Dermatologists agree that topical fixed-combination products containing clindamycin (clin) and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) are effective in the treatment of acne. However, products containing BPO... (Source: Drugs.com - Clinical Trials)

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  Flucloxacillin, still the empirical choice for putative Staphylococcus aureus infections in intensive care units in the Netherlands

Conclusions The empirical choice of flucloxacillin in the case of putative S. aureus infections in patients admitted to ICUs in the Netherlands is still justified. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)

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  CLINDAMAX (Clindamycin Phosphate) Gel [ PharmaDerm, A Division Of Nycomed US Inc.]

Updated Date: Oct 9, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  ZIANA (Clindamycin Phosphate And Tretinoin) Gel [Medicis Pharmaceutical Corp]

Updated Date: Oct 9, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Effects of Subinhibitory Concentrations of Antibiotics on Colonization Factor Expression by Moxifloxacin-Susceptible and Moxifloxacin-Resistant Clostridium difficile Strains.

The objective of this study was to analyze expression of these genes in the same conditions in four NAP1/027 strains, one moxifloxacin-susceptible and three moxifloxacin-resistant strains. Two in vitro selected moxifloxacin-resistant mutants were also analyzed. Moxifloxacin resistance was associated to the Thr82-->Ile substitution in GyrA in all moxifloxacin-resistant strains but one. The expression of cwp84 and slpA was strongly increased after culture with ampicillin or clindamycin in NAP1/027 strains. Interestingly, after culture with fluoroquinolones, the expression of cwp84 and slpA was only increased in four moxifloxacin-resistant strains, including the NAP1/027 strains and one of the in vitro selected mutants. The cwp84 overexpression was correlated with an increased production o...

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  Clindamycin-induced CovS-mediated regulation of the production of the virulent exoproteins streptolysin O, NAD glycohydrolase, and streptokinase in Streptococcus pyogenes.

Authors: Minami M, Kamimura T, Isaka M, Tatsuno I, Ohta M, Hasegawa T The administration of high-dose clindamycin (CLI) along with penicillin is recommended for the treatment of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. However, the prevalence of CLI-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes is increasing worldwide, and the effect of CLI on CLI-resistant S. pyogenes remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the effect of CLI on the in vitro production of 3 major virulent exoproteins, namely, streptolysin O (Slo), NAD-glycohydrolase (Nga), and streptokinase (Ska), by CLI-resistant S. pyogenes. After incubation of M1 serotype CLI-resistant S. pyogenes D2TY in the presence of 1 mug/mL CLI, the amounts of Slo, Nga, and Ska and the mRNA levels of slo, nga, and ska in the supernatant were analyzed by northern ...

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  [Stevens-Johnson syndrome plus intrahepatic cholestasis caused by clindamycin or chlorpheniramine]

We present a discussion of this case and review the main characteristics of the Stevens Johnson Syndrome. PMID: 19624990 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Dermatol Online J)

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  Antibiograms and Molecular Subtypes of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Local Teaching Hospital, Malaysia.

In conclusion, no vancomycin-resistant isolate was observed. The Malaysian MDR MRSA isolates were mostly SCCmec type III and negative for PVL. These strains were genetically distinct from the SCCmec type IV strains, which were sensitive to SXT, tetracycline, and erythromycin. Only two strains were SCCmec IV and PVL-positive. The infections in the hospital concerned were probably caused by multiple subtypes of MRSA. PMID: 19884790 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology)

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  Topical clindamycin in post-adenotonsillectomy analgesia in children: A double-blind, randomized clinical trial

Conclusion: The use of topical clindamycin was beneficial in reducing pain on the first postoperative day, without effect on subsequent days. Future investigations could examine the use of topical clindamycin not only in the first 12 hours but also during five days of follow-up. (Source: Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery)

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  Idiopathic pustular vulvitis

A 31-year-old woman presented in the 23rd week of her third pregnancy with extremely painful pustular vulvitis, unresponsive to antibiotics. Although the histological findings were was consistent with a diagnosis of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), bridged comedones, the hallmark of this disease, were absent and there were no dermal sinuses. Incision and drainage of the pustules provided only temporary improvement, which was briefly maintained with oral clindamycin and topical steroids. After the birth, a course of isotretinoin produced almost total clearance, a response not typically found in HS. This patient's condition may represent a variant of HS, and if so, it would be the first case report of de novo HS in pregnancy, but its clinical features and evolution differed so much from those ...

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  Perrigo Acquires ANDA for Generic Version Duac(R) Gel From KV Pharmaceutical

ALLEGAN, Mich., Sept. 21 (HSMN NewsFeed) -- Perrigo Company (Nasdaq: PRGO;TASE) today announced that it has purchased the ANDA for clindamycin phosphate (1%) and benzoyl peroxide (5%) gel from KV Pharmaceutical for $14 million in cash at closing and a $2... Biopharmaceuticals, Generics, Dermatology, AcquisitionsPerrigo, KV Pharmaceutical, clindamycin, benzoyl peroxide (Source: HSMN NewsFeed)

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  Perrigo Acquires ANDA For Generic Version Duac® Gel From KV Pharmaceutical

Perrigo Company (Nasdaq: PRGO;TASE) today announced that it has purchased the ANDA for clindamycin phosphate (1%) and benzoyl peroxide (5%) gel from KV Pharmaceutical for $14 million in cash at closing and a $2 million milestone payment upon the completion of a successful technical transfer. (Source: Pharmaceutical Online News)

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  Efficacy of antibiotic therapy for SAPHO syndrome is lost after its discontinuation: interventional study

Conclusions: For the period of application, the antibiotic therapy seems to have controlled the disease. After antibiotics discontinuation however, disease relapse was observed. SAPHO syndrome thus groups with other chronic inflammatory arthropathies with a need of permanent therapy. (Source: Arthritis Research and Therapy)

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  OBSERVATION: Interaction of Topical Sulfacetamide and Topical Dapsone With Benzoyl Peroxide

Conclusions  Knowledge of the chemical reaction between benzoyl peroxide and sulfacetamide and dapsone will help minimize the occurrence of this interaction on our patients' skin. (Source: Archives of Dermatology)

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  Varied Prevalence of Clostridium difficile in an Integrated Swine Operation.

The objectives of this study were to compare the prevalence of Clostridium difficile (Cd) among different age and production groups of swine in a vertically integrated swine operation in Texas in 2006 and to compare our isolates to other animal and human isolates. Results are based on 131 Cd isolates from 1008 swine fecal samples and pork trim samples (overall prevalence of 13%). The prevalence (number positive/number tested in production type) of Cd was different between the groups (P</=0.001), and was highest among suckling piglets at 50.0% (61/122), followed by 23.8% (34/143) for lactating sows and effluent from the farrowing barn, 8.4% (10/119) for nursery, 6.5% (4/62) for pork products, 3.9% (15/382) for grower-finisher, and 3.9% (7/180) for breeding boars and sows. Of the 131 isol...

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  Cost analysis and antimicrobial susceptibility testing comparing the E test and the agar dilution method in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli

Abstract: Although numerous reports have compared the antimicrobial susceptibility of Campylobacter spp., controversy still exists about the use of the E test as an alternative to the agar dilution method suggested by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. MICs of 8 antimicrobials were determined using the E test and agar dilution methods for 103 Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates from fresh chicken randomly purchased from stores in 3 southern Ontario counties. Overall, 72.6% of E test MIC values were within 1 log2 dilution and 95.7% within 2 log2 dilutions of the corresponding agar dilution MICs. For individual antimicrobials, agreement within 1 log2 dilution and 2 log2 dilutions was as follows: ampicillin (n = 103), 90.3% and 98.1%, respectively; chloramphenic...

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  Isolation and characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from swine and workers in China

Conclusions MRSA from Chinese pigs and farm workers (ST9) differed from the European pig-associated clone (ST398) with regard to clonal type, SCCmec content and resistance profile. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)

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  Inappropriate use of vancomycin for preventing perinatal group B streptococcal (GBS) disease in laboring patients

Journal of Perinatal Medicine 37 (5): 487-489 Abstract Objective: The 2002 CDC guidelines for the prevention of perinatal group B streptococcus (GBS) stipulate that vancomycin is reserved for penicillin-allergic women at high risk for beta-lactam anaphylaxis with resistance to clindamycin or erythromycin. Our objective was to evaluate practitioner adherence to these guidelines. Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of patients admitted to labor and delivery who received vancomycin for GBS prophylaxis from January 1st, 2005 to June 1st, 2007. Identification and documentation of allergic reactions to beta lactams and performance of GBS sensitivities at the time of screening were recorded. Results: Eighty-seven patients reporting a penicillin allergy received vancomycin during labor. ...

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  Healthy People Taking Antibiotics May Spread Superbug Infection

We present these findings in protest of the way in which they were acquired.Reference: Lawley T D et al. "Antibiotic treatment of Clostridium difficile carrier mice triggers a supershedder state, transmission, and severe disease in immunocompromised hosts." Infection and Immunity. Published ahead of print, doi:10.1128/IAI.00558-09. For more information: http://www.sanger.ac.uk/Info/Press/2009/090721.shtml http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/id_CdiffFAQ_general.html http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/c-difficile/DS00736 (Source: NaturalNews.com)

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  In vitro susceptibility to 17 antimicrobials of clinical Clostridium difficile isolates collected in 1993–2007 in Sweden

This study investigated the MICs of 17 antimicrobials, for 606 toxigenic clinical isolates of Clostridium difficile collected between 1993 and 2007 in Sweden. Low MIC90 values were found for metronidazole (0.5 mg/L), vancomycin (1.0 mg/L), teicoplanin (0.125 mg/L), fusidic acid (1.0 mg/L), linezolid (2.0 mg/L), daptomycin (2.0 mg/L) and tigecycline (0.064 mg/L). Three isolates (0.5%) had elevated MICs for vancomycin (4[ndash]8 mg/L); however, these isolates originated from the same patient, who was receiving long-term intravenous vancomycin treatment. High-level clindamycin resistant isolates (MIC >256 mg/L) peaked in 1997 with 39 of 95 (41%) and out of these, 36% were also highly resistant to erythromycin. [beta]-Lactams such as penicillin V and piperacillin displayed MIC90s of 8 and 32 m...

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  CLINDAMAX LOTION (Clindamycin Phosphate) Suspension [PharmaDerm, A Division Of Nycomed US Inc.]

Updated Date: Sep 2, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  New susceptibility breakpoints in antimicrobial resistance rates of invasive pneumococcal strains.

CONCLUSIONS: When the new breakpoints for in vitro susceptibility were applied, penicillin resistance rates dropped 97%, from 33 to 1%. PMID: 19830357 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Jornal de Pediatria)

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  Clindamycin: Drug hypersensitivity: case report

(Source: Reactions)

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  CLINDAMYCIN HYDROCHLORIDEcapsule [Aurobindo Pharma Limited]

Updated Date: Aug 31, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Toxoplasma gondii: a simple Real-time PCR assay to quantify the proliferation of the apicoplast.

Authors: Wu L, Chen SX, Jiang XG, Cao JP A Real-time quantitative PCR assay to quantify the Toxoplasma gondii apicoplast was studied. Primers were designed to amplify a 305 bp product specific to T. gondii apicoplast. Standard curves were generated for both T. gondii apicoplast DNA and genomic DNA, and were used to compute the relative concentration of apicoplast DNA copies in the test samples. The results indicated that the copies of T. gondii apicoplast DNA was significantly low when exposed to ciprofloxacin, clindamycin and azithromycin for 48 h in the second infectious cycle. Our study shows that the Real-time PCR technique is a simple and quick technique for screening the anti-apicoplast drugs. PMID: 19720060 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Parasitolo...

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  Mylan Begins Marketing First Generic Version of BenzaClin(R) Acne Treatment

PITTSBURGH, Aug. 27 (HSMN NewsFeed) -- Mylan Inc. (Nasdaq: MYL ) today announced that its subsidiary Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc. has begun to market 1% Clindamycin and 5% Benzoyl Peroxide Gel based on an agreement with licensing partner Dow Pharmaceutical... Biopharmaceuticals, Generics, DermatologyMylan, Clindamycin, Benzoyl Peroxide, BenzaClin, sanofi-aventis, acne (Source: HSMN NewsFeed)

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  Update on Babesiosis

Human babesiosis is an emerging tick-borne infectious disease caused by intraerythrocytic protozoan species of the genus Babesia with many clinical features similar to those of malaria. Over the last 50 years, the epidemiology of human babesiosis has changed from a few isolated cases to the establishment of endemic areas in the northeastern and midwestern United States. Episodic cases are reported in Europe, Asia, Africa, and South America. The severity of infection ranges from asymptomatic infection to fulminant disease resulting in death, although the majority of healthy adults experience a mild-to-moderate illness. People over the age of 50 years and immunocompromised individuals are at the highest risk of severe disease, including those with malignancy, HIV, lacking a spleen, or receiv...

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  Bacteriological profile and antimicrobial resistance patterns of clinical bacterial isolates in a University Hospital

The objective of this study was to determine the patterns of bacterial isolates found in blood culture of patients with bactermia in King Abdul Aziz University Hospital in addition to determination of antibiotic resistance. A retrospective analysis of the 672 positive samples collected over the period of December 2006–December 2008. The observed mean age was 40 years with comparable distribution in both genders. 65.2% of the population were Non-Saudi. 65.5% of isolates were Gram positive, mainly Staphylococcus epidermidis, on the other hand Klebsiella was the common Gram negative bacteria. Diabetes has been observed in 38.5%. Mortality was 32.4 (P-value 0.001) in diabetic patients versus non-diabetics. Benzyl penicillin, clindamycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, oxacillin c...

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  Clindamycin/risedronic acid: Oesophagitis: case report

(Source: Reactions)

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  Photocarcinogenesis and toxicity of benzoyl peroxide in hairless mice after simulated solar radiation

Abstract: Topical benzoyl peroxide (BPO) gel has long been used to treat acne vulgaris and has recently been combined with clindamycin (BPO-clin). No skin malignancies have been reported after clinical use of BPO, but there has been concern about the possible carcinogenicity of BPO alone and in combination with UV radiation. BPO can promote skin tumorigenesis in a mouse skin chemical carcinogenesis model. As acne vulgaris is frequently localized on sun-exposed areas, we investigated whether BPO or BPO-clin accelerates photocarcinogenesis in combination with simulated solar radiation (SSR) in 12 groups of 25 hairless female C3.Cg/TifBomTac-immunocompetent mice. BPO or BPO-clin was applied topically to the back five times each week, followed by SSR three times each week (2, 3, or 4 standard ...

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  Excretion of Antimicrobials Used to Treat Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections During Lactation: Safety in Breastfeeding Infants

Pharmacotherapy 29(9): 1103-1109 Abstract Community-acquired strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have become a common cause of skin and soft tissue infections in the United States. These infections sometimes require treatment with antibiotics, and with the increasing resistance of pathogens to these agents, choosing the appropriate drug can be difficult. In lactating women who develop these infections, selecting an antibiotic is even more challenging, as clinicians need to be aware of risks to the infant from the drug excreted during lactation. To our knowledge, no review has addressed the safety of antibiotics in breastfeeding infants when the drugs are used to treat maternal skin and soft tissue infections from MRSA. Thus, we performed a literature search of the...

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  Simultaneous Determination of Several Antibiotics: Application to Human Plasma Extracts, and Impurities and Degradants in Drug Preparations

This application note describes a gradient HPLC-EC Array method for the determination of beta-lactam and macrolide antibiotics. The method has low pg sensitivity, a wide dynamic range, excellent linearity and demonstrates the determination of vancomycin, azithromycin, clindamycin, erythromycin, oleandomycin and amoxicillin in extracts of human plasma. Impurities and degradants in pharmaceuticals were determined at the 0.1% level. (Source: PharmaManufacturing.com)

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  BSAC standardized disc susceptibility testing method (version 8)

There have been considerable changes to the format of the recommendations since the previous version (version 7). The majority of the footnotes to the tables have been removed and the notations added to the end column; it is hoped that this change will avoid confusion in interpretation. Antibiotics have been separated into groups, e.g. β-lactams, aminoglycosides, etc. Recommendations for urinary tract infections (UTIs) have been removed for most agents except for those that are administered solely for the treatment of uncomplicated UTIs or where there are limited recommendations for specific organisms, e.g. trimethoprim. For agents that previously had dual recommendations, systemic recommendations remain and the intermediate category can be used for interpretation for UTIs because int...

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  Clindamycin: Hypercholesterolaemia (first report) treated with probiotic: case report

(Source: Reactions)

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  Effect of clindamycin treatment on vaginal inflammatory markers in pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis and a positive fetal fibronectin test

Abstract: Objective: To compare the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 in the vaginal secretions of pregnant women with a positive fetal fibronectin (fFN) test result with or without asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis (BV) before and after treatment with oral clindamycin.Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted among 43 pregnant women with a positive fFN test result. All patients were treated with clindamycin, and the pre- and post-treatment levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and MMP-8 were compared.Results: Before treatment, levels of IL-1β and MMP-8 were significantly higher in women with BV compared with women without BV (P (Source: International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics)

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  Tubo-ovarian abscess with Morganella morganii bacteremia.

This report highlights the fact that antimicrobial resistance of M. morganii may complicate the management and outcome of this infection. PMID: 19949761 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infection)

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  Resistance Trends of Bacteroides fragilis Group Over an 8-Year Period, 1997-2004, in Korea.

CONCLUSIONS: Piperacillin-tazobactam, cefoxitin, imipenem, chloramphenicol, and metronidazole are still active against B. fragilis group isolates, while clindamycin no longer has a value as an empirical therapeutic agent in Korea. Furthermore, this study identified the first imipenem-resistant B. fragilis group isolates in Korea. PMID: 19726890 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Korean Journal of Laboratory Medicine)

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  Obagi Medical Products' CLENZIderm M.D. Serum Gel Significantly Reduces Non-Inflammatory Lesions with Visible Results as Early as Week One

Final Data from a 12-Week Study Shows a Significant Reduction in Non-Inflammatory Lesions with the Use of CLENZIderm M.D. Serum Gel vs. Combination Prescription BPO/Clindamycin Product BOSTON--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Jul 30, 2009 - Today Obagi... (Source: Drugs.com - Clinical Trials)

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  Clindamycin vasculitis in patients with peripheral arterial vascular disease

We report two cases of necrotizing vasculitis due to clindamycin which was used for the treatment of chronic wounds in patients suffering of peripheral vascular disease. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/s00238-009-0343-6Authors Jamil Al-Jamali, University of Freiburg Medical Center Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery Freiburg GermanyGunther Felmerer, University of Freiburg Medical Center Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery Freiburg GermanyAhmed Kasem, University of Freiburg Medical Center Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery Freiburg GermanyKhalid Al-awadi, University of Freiburg Medical Center Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery Freiburg GermanyZiad Kalash, University of Freiburg Medical Center Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery Freiburg Ger...

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  Obagi Medical Products Reveals Results of a Meta-Analysis Comparing the Company's Novel 5 Percent Solubilized BPO to Other Prescription 5 Percent BPO and Combination BPO/Clindamycin Topical Products

Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Shows Faster Improvement in Non-Inflammatory Lesions in Weeks 2 – 4 with 5 Percent Solubilized BPO vs. Benzoyl Peroxide and Clindamycin Topical Treatments BOSTON--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Jul 30, 2009 -... (Source: Drugs.com - Clinical Trials)

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  Chlorphenamine/clindamycin: Intrahepatic cholestasis (first report with chlorphenamine) and first report of Stevens-Johnson syndrome: case report

(Source: Reactions)

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  [In Process Citation]

We present a discussion of this case and review the main characteristics of the Stevens Johnson Syndrome. PMID: 19624990 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Dermatol Online J)

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  Antibiotic Use by Members of the Spanish Endodontic Society

Conclusions: For the most part, the majority of the members of the AEDE were selecting the appropriate antibiotic for use in orofacial infections, but there are still many who are prescribing antibiotics inappropriately. The use of antibiotics for minor infections, or in some cases in patients without infections, could be a major contributor to the world problem of antimicrobial resistance. (Source: Journal of Endodontics)

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  I PREVENT Bacterial Resistance. An Update on the Use of Antibiotics in Dermatologic Surgery

Prophylaxis may be given to prevent a surgical wound infection, infective endocarditis (IE), or infection of a prosthetic joint, but its use before cutaneous surgery is controversial. Our aim was to review the current literature and provide a mnemonic to assist providers in appropriately prescribing prophylactic antibiotics. We reviewed the current literature, including the new guidelines provided by the American Heart Association (AHA). The new AHA guidelines recommend prophylaxis for patients with high risk of an adverse outcome from IE instead of high risk of developing IE. The American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons and the American Dental Association also provide guidelines. Given the paucity of conclusive studies, prophylaxis against a surgical wound infection is based more on clinic...

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  Investigation of enantiomeric separation of basic drugs by capillary electrophoresis using clindamycin phosphate as a novel chiral selector

In this study clindamycin phosphate belonging to the group of lincomycin antibiotics is first used as a novel chiral selector for the enantiomeric separations of several racemic basic drugs, which possess high separability, consisting of nefopam, citalopram, tryptophan, chlorphenamine and propranolol. Other basic drugs giving partial enantioseparation include tryptophan methyl ester, metoprolol and atenolol. Clindamycin phosphate possesses advantages such as high solubility and low viscosity in the water and very weak UV absorption. In the course of this work we observed that both migration time and enantioseparation were influenced by several parameters such as pH of the BGE, clindamycin concentration, capillary temperature, applied voltage and organic modifier. The optimum pH that was in...

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  [Malaria in the South of Madrid: A clinical and epidemiological review.]

CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of pediatric malaria is increasing in the southern area of Madrid, with P. falciparum as the most frequently identified species. Microscopic visualization or identification of its antigen are gold-standard diagnostic methods, however, identification with PCR is essential upon admission to determine the species and discard possible multiple infestations. Pediatricians must learn to suspect this potentially severe disease, in order to establish an early treatment that may improve the prognosis. PMID: 19620029 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anales de Pediatria)

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  Bacterial Vaginosis Treatments Vary in Efficacy, Adverse Effects

Clindamycin preparations, oral metronidazole, and oral and intravaginal lactobacillus were effective for bacterial vaginosis, but hydrogen peroxide douche and triple sulfonamide cream were not. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Pharmacist Headlines)

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  Epidemiology of community-onset Staphylococcus aureus infections in pediatric patients: an experience at a Children's Hospital in central Illinois

Conclusions: Epidemiological data at the local level is important for antimicrobial decision-making. MSSA remains an important pathogen causing invasive community-onset S. aureus infections among hospitalized children. In our hospital, nafcillin in combination with vancomycin is recommended empiric therapy in critically ill patients with suspected invasive staphylococcal infections. Because up to 25% of MSSA circulating in our area are clindamycin-resistant, clindamycin should be used cautiously as empiric monotherapy in patients with suspected invasive staphylococcal infections. (Source: BMC Infectious Diseases)

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  Distinct ribotypes and rates of antimicrobial drug resistance in Clostridium difficile from Shanghai and Stockholm

Clin Microbiol Infect Seventy-five clinical isolates of Clostridium difficile from Shanghai and 80 from Stockholm were investigated. The prevalence of toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive isolates of C. difficile among isolates from Shanghai (33.3%) was significantly higher than among isolates from Stockholm (0%). Both sets of isolates were fully susceptible to metronidazole and vancomycin. However, the MICs of fluoroquinolones, erythromycin[ndash]clindamycin, tetracycline, rifampin and fusidic acid were significantly higher for the Shanghai isolates than for the Stockholm isolates. Thirty-three PCR ribotypes were identified; a dominant clone, 017, accounted for 18.7% of Shanghai isolates, whereas clone 005 dominated among Stockholm isolates, accounting for 11.3%. Strains 027 and 078 were no...

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  Cancrum Oris: A case report

Abstract  Cancrum Oris is acute gangrenous stomatitis of oral and para-oral structures in age group between 2 to 16 years particularly in sub-Saharan Africa with high morbidity and mortality. Exact bacteriology is uncertain. Acute necrotising gingivitis and oral herpetic ulcers are considered to be antecedent lesions. The treatment of cancrum oris is penicillin, tetracycline, metronidazol and clindamycin. second step of management includes reconstructive surgery for the treatment of the functional and cosmetic problems. The authors are reporting a case of cancrum oris in a 1.5-year-old child. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Short CommunicationDOI 10.1007/BF03049618Authors Sudhakar Vaidya, R D Gardi Medical College & Ujjain Charitable Hospital Dept. of Otorhinolaryng...

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  Antibiotic clindamycin can cause a dangerous gastrointestinal infection

Your column contained a question regarding diarrhea from the antibiotic clindamycin. You advised the writer to see a gastroenterologist. (Source: L.A. Times - Health)

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  Contribution of Genetically Restricted, Methicillin‐Susceptible Strains to the Ongoing Epidemic of Community‐Acquired Staphylococcus aureus Infections

Conclusions. In addition to methicillin‐resistant strains, the current epidemic of S. aureus infections includes infections caused by methicillin‐susceptible strains that are closely related genetically and share phenotypic characteristics other than susceptibility to methicillin. These findings suggest that factors other than methicillin resistance are driving the epidemic. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases Latest Issue)

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  Treatment of invasive streptococcal infection with a peptide derived from human high-molecular weight kininogen

Sepsis and septic shock remain an important medical problem, emphasizing the need to identify novel therapeutic opportunities. Hypovolemic hypotension, coagulation dysfunction, disturbed microcirculation, and multiorgan failure resulting from vascular leakage are often observed in these severe conditions. In the present study, we find that HKH20, a peptide derived from human high molecular weight kininogen (HK), down-regulates inflammatory reactions caused by Streptococcus pyogenes in a mouse model of sepsis. HK is a component of the pro-inflammatory and pro-coagulant contact system. Activation of the contact system in the bloodstream by S pyogenes leads to massive tissue damage in the lungs of the infected mice, which eventually results in the death of the animals. HKH20 inhibits activati...

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  The Effect of Combined Treatment with Oral Clindamycin and Oral Rifampicin in Patients with Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Dermatology (DOI:10.1159/000228337) (Source: Dermatology)

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  Combination Therapy with Clindamycin and Rifampicin for Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Series of 116 Consecutive Patients

Dermatology (DOI:10.1159/000228334) (Source: Dermatology)

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  BenzaClin (Clindamycin and Benzoyl Peroxide) - updated on RxList

BenzaClin (Clindamycin and Benzoyl Peroxide) drug description - FDA approved labeling for prescription drugs and medications at RxList (Source: RxList - New and Updated Drug Monographs)

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  What Are the Presenting Problems of Staphylococcus in Neonates?

Discussion Staphylococcus sp. are gram-positive, catalase-positive cocci that cluster when viewed microscopically. There are 17 species indigenous to humans and 13 colonize humans. Staphylococcus aureus is the only species that produces coagulase. Staphylococcus sp. can be found in almost any environment including high salt, low oxygen, high heat and low moisture. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sp. are so common that newborn infants are colonized by 2-4 days of life usually with S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus. Staphylococcus aureus produces many infections especially pneumonia and surgical wound infections. Humans can be colonized with it especially in mucous membranes and the perineum and axilla. Those with nasal carriage can also transiently carry the organism on their hands, thu...

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  [Comparison between two antibiotic schemes in relation to surgical site infection in children: a randomized clinical trial.]

Conclusions: AP administered 2 h before incision and continuing for 24 h significantly decreases the risk of SSI compared to CG in clean-contaminated procedures. PMID: 19919789 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cirugia y Cirujanos)

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  Physicochemical characterization and skin permeation of liposome formulations containing clindamycin phosphate.

This study was undertaken to evaluate the physicochemical properties and skin permeation of liposome formulations containing clindamycin phosphate (CP), especially when charge was imparted to the liposome. Five different liposome formulations were prepared using Phospholipon 85G (PL) and cholesterol (CH) by conventional lipid film hydration technique. Molar ratio of CH to PL was varied in the range of 0.16-1.0. Charged liposomes were prepared in the same way with addition of 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane chloride salt (DOTAP) and 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate monosodium salt (DMPA) as charge carrier lipid for cationic or anionic charge of the liposome, respectively. Fresh full-thickness mice skin was taken and used for skin permeation study using Keshary-Chien diffusion...

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  Antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from children with impetigo in China from 2003 to 2007 shows community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to be uncommon and heterogeneous

Conclusions CA-MRSA is still relatively uncommon and heterogeneous in children in China. Penicillin and erythromycin are no longer appropriate agents. Effective antibiotic agents for patients with impetigo are mupirocin and fusidic acid. (Source: British Journal of Dermatology)

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  Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): identification and susceptibility testing techniques.

Authors: Reygaert W Many traditional techniques are useful for identification of MRSA strains, including techniques for detection of penicillin-resistance, such as the nitrocefin disk. Techniques for assessing methicillin-resistance vary from growth on special media or at a lower temperature, to detection of the mecA gene by manual (latex agglutination) and automated (PCR) methods. Technique development is now geared toward making MRSA identification more rapid. Real-time PCR has sped MRSA detection, but can be costly. Resistance to other drugs is also an issue. Clindamycin resistance may need to be induced, so a special disk diffusion test can be performed. Vancomycin resistance is becoming an issue, so alternative drugs need to be identified. Drugs that are currently available for MR...

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  Vaginal carriage and antibiotic susceptibility profile of group B Streptococcus during late pregnancy in Ismailia, Egypt

Summary: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) infection has long been recognized as a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in newborn infants. The purpose of this study was to determine the colonization rate with GBS and the antibiotic susceptibility profile in pregnant women attending Gynecological clinics in Egypt. One-hundred and fifty vaginal swabs were collected from pregnant women at 35–40 weeks of gestation. In comparison to culture, direct latex agglutination testing revealed 100% sensitivity and 93.75% specificity. Thirty-eight specimens (25.3%) were found to be positive for GBS. Each isolate was tested for susceptibility to penicillin G, ampicillin, cefotaxime, erythromycin, clindamycin and vancomycin. Erythromycin-resistant isolates were further classified by double-disk method. A...

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  CLINDAMYCIN PHOSPHATEsolution CLINDAMYCIN PHOSPHATEgel CLINDAMYCIN PHOSPHATElotion [E. FOUGERA And CO.]

Updated Date: Jun 23, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  CLINDAMYCIN PHOSPHATEcream [E. FOUGERA CO.]

Updated Date: Jun 23, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Long-term symptomatic group B streptococcal vulvovaginitis: Eight cases resolved with freshly cut garlic

We found that neither an accepted diagnostic definition nor a treatment has been established for group B streptococcal (GBS) vulvovaginitis. A review of the literature revealed five previous articles describing a combined total of 26 cases of GBS vaginitis in the absence of other pathogens . GBS vulvovaginitis presents with complaints of vulvar burning and clear or white vaginal discharge. The labia appear fiery-red, sometimes with fissures. It has been reported in both celibate and non-celibate women. Cultures contain GBS at a high multiplicity: >100,000,000 colony-forming units (CFU)/g of vaginal fluid or ++++ growth and decreased lactobacillus. GBS vaginitis is sometimes identified as aerobic vulvovaginitis. High colonization with GBS appears to provoke the release of cytokines causing ...

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  The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and carriage of virulence genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from food handlers in Kuwait City restaurants

Conclusions: This study revealed a high prevalence of antibacterial resistance and virulence determinants in S. aureus from food handlers in Kuwait restaurants justifying the screening of food handlers to detect and treat carriers and protect restaurant customers from staphylococcal food poisoning. (Source: BMC Research Notes)

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  The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and carriage of virulence genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from food handlers in Kuwait City restaurants

Conclusions: This study revealed a high prevalence of antibacterial resistance and virulence determinants in S. aureus from food handlers in Kuwait restaurants justifying the screening of food handlers to detect and treat carriers and protect restaurant customers from staphylococcal food poisoning. (Source: BMC Research Notes)

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