MedWorm: Acetaminophen

  Zogenix Initiates Pivotal Phase 3 Clinical Trial For Novel Formulation Of Oral Controlled-Release Hydrocodone

Zogenix, Inc. ("Zogenix"), a privately held pharmaceutical company, announced that it has initiated a pivotal Phase 3 clinical trial with ZX002, a novel, oral, controlled-release formulation of hydrocodone without acetaminophen. ZX002 is being developed for the treatment of moderate to severe pain in individuals who require around-the-clock opioid therapy for the control of pain... (Source: Pain / Anesthetics News From Medical News Today)

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  Zogenix Initiates Pivotal Phase 3 Clinical Trial For Novel Formulation Of Oral Controlled-Release Hydrocodone

Zogenix, Inc. ("Zogenix"), a privately held pharmaceutical company, announced that it has initiated a pivotal Phase 3 clinical trial with ZX002, a novel, oral, controlled-release formulation of hydrocodone without acetaminophen. ZX002 is being developed for the treatment of moderate to severe pain in individuals who require around-the-clock opioid therapy for the control of pain. Hydrocodone is the most widely prescribed drug in the United States, but there are currently no products available with hydrocodone only, or with controlled-release formulations... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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  Acetaminophen Alone Works Well For Postpartum Pain

For many mothers of newborns, lingering pain from the delivery can interfere with their first days with their infant. A recent review examined whether over-the-counter medications containing acetaminophen Tylenol for example provided adequate relief for such pain and concluded that they are effective... (Source: Pain / Anesthetics News From Medical News Today)

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  Acetaminophen Alone Works Well For Postpartum Pain

For many mothers of newborns, lingering pain from the delivery can interfere with their first days with their infant. A recent review examined whether over-the-counter medications containing acetaminophen Tylenol for example provided adequate relief for such pain and concluded that they are effective. Bruising during the delivery or interventions such as the use of forceps or an episiotomy can cause perineal pain... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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  THERACODOPHEN-LOW-90 (Hydrocodone Bitartrate And Acetaminophen) Tablet [Physician Therapeutics LLC]

Updated Date: Mar 15, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Do Aspirin and Acetaminophen Affect Total Menstrual Loss?

Gynecol Obstet Invest 1984;18:129-133 (DOI:10.1159/000299067) (Source: Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation)

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  PROPOXYPHENE NAPSYLATE AND ACETAMINOPHEN (Propoxyphene Napsylate And Acetaminophen ) Tablet, Film Coated [Apotheca, Inc.]

Updated Date: Mar 12, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Regular Analgesic Use May Increase Risk for Hearing Loss

Regular use of aspirin, acetaminophen, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may increase the risk for hearing loss in men, particularly those younger than 60 years. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

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  [Acetaminophen-induced hypotension after intravenous and oral administration.]

Authors: Danguy des Déserts M, Nguyen BV, Giacardi C, Commandeur D, Paleiron N PMID: 20227233 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annales Francaises d'Anesthesie et de Reanimation)

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  FDA proposals to limit the hepatotoxicity of paracetamol (acetaminophen): are they reasonable?

Abstract  Hepatotoxicity from paracetamol is of great concern because of the considerable number of patients who develop severe toxicity from this drug. A group of senior medical practitioners, academics and scientists were brought together on June 29 and 30, 2009 by the Food and Drug Administration of USA (FDA) with the aim of providing advice on how to limit the number of cases of hepatotoxicity due to paracetamol in USA. The most contentious recommendations were the reduction in the dose of paracetamol to 650 mg and the elimination of prescription combination products of paracetamol and opiates. The first recommendation indicates that many members of the committee consider, despite much evidence to the contrary, that therapeutic doses of paracetamol (up to 4 g daily) are...

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  Regular Analgesic Use Linked to Hearing Loss in Men

The regular use of aspirin, acetaminophen, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may increase the risk of hearing loss in men, especially younger men, according to research published in the March issue of the American Journal of Medicine. (Source: Modern Medicine)

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  The Influence of Ondansetron on the Analgesic Effect of Acetaminophen After Laparoscopic Hysterectomy.

Authors: Jokela R, Ahonen J, Seitsonen E, Marjakangas P, Korttila K The 5-HT(3) antagonists tropisetron and granisetron have been shown to block the analgesic effect of acetaminophen in healthy volunteers. To study the interaction between ondansetron and acetaminophen in women undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy, we randomized 134 patients into three groups to receive acetaminophen-placebo (AP), acetaminophen-ondansetron (AO), or placebo-placebo (PP). One gram of intravenous acetaminophen or placebo was administered at the induction of anesthesia and every 6 h thereafter for 24 h, and 4 mg of ondansetron or placebo was administered at the end of surgery. Pain control was provided by patient-controlled analgesia (PCA)-oxycodone. Acetaminophen (as compared to placebo) in periodic doses ...

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  ACETAMINOPHEN AND CODEINE PHOSPHATEtablet [Contract Pharmacy Services-PA]

Updated Date: Mar 9, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Ban of Controversial Painkiller Dramatically Cuts Suicides in UK

(NaturalNews) The withdrawal of a popular painkiller from the market in the United Kingdom has led to a dramatic decrease in the number of suicides and accidental overdoses in that country, according to a study conducted by researchers from Oxford University's Centre for Suicide Research and published in the British Medical Journal.The drug in question is a combination of the narcotic painkiller dextropropoxyphene (in the opioid family) with the over-the-counter painkiller acetaminophen, also known as paracetamol or Tylenol. In the United Kingdom, the drug was marketed as co-proxamol, but it is also known as Darvon with APAP, Capadex, Di-Antalvic, Di-Gesic and Lentogesic.In 2005, the British Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) decided to remove co-proxamol from the m...

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  Painkillers may increase risk of hearing loss

In a study, men who regularly use analgesics reported hearing loss. Perhaps it wasn't those years of listening to rock 'n' roll that damaged my hearing after all; regular use of aspirin, acetaminophen and other analgesics appears to substantially increase the risk of hearing loss, especially in men younger than 50. (Source: L.A. Times - Health)

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  Silencing Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3{beta} Inhibits Acetaminophen Hepatotoxicity and Attenuates JNK Activation and Loss of Glutamate Cysteine Ligase and Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 [Signal Transduction]

Previously we demonstrated that c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) plays a central role in acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury. In the current work, we examined other possible signaling pathways that may also contribute to APAP hepatotoxicity. APAP treatment to mice caused glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) activation and translocation to mitochondria during the initial phase of APAP-induced liver injury (~1 h). The silencing of GSK-3β, but not Akt-2 (protein kinase B) or glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), using antisense significantly protected mice from APAP-induced liver injury. The silencing of GSK-3β affected several key pathways important in conferring protection against APAP-induced liver injury. APAP treatment was observed to promote the loss of glutamate cy...

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  Regular painkillers and hearing loss

Conclusion This study found an association between regular use of three types of painkiller and a small increased risk in hearing loss. This type of study can only find associations, it cannot demonstrate that these painkillers caused the hearing loss. The researchers highlight some limitations of their study: Men were categorised as having hearing loss based on their own admission in the questionnaire on whether it had been diagnosed by a professional. Participants who did not report hearing loss were considered to not be impaired. The best way to assess hearing would have been through standard pure-tone audiometry, but this could not be performed due to cost and logistics reasons. The researchers did not have information on the participants’ lifetime noise exposure or the reasons...

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  A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Acetaminophen for Treatment of Migraine Headache

Conclusions.[mdash] Acetaminophen 1000 mg, a nonprescription drug, is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for episodic and moderate migraine headache. In addition, acetaminophen generally provided a beneficial effect on associated symptoms of migraine including nausea, photophobia, phonophobia, and functional disability. (Headache 2010;[bull][bull]:[bull][bull]-[bull][bull]) (Source: Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain)

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  Preliminary Observations of a Novel Topical Oil with Analgesic Properties for Treatment of Acute and Chronic Pain Syndromes

Conclusions: Based on studies completed, essential oxygen oil has shown itself to be safe, has demonstrated positive analgesic effects for the treatment of acute and chronic pain, and has improved oxygen content in the skin as well as other dermatological parameters. (Source: Pain Practice)

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  Encapsulating benzoquinone and glucose oxidase with a PEDOT film: Application to oxygen-independent glucose sensors and glucose/O(2) biofuel cells.

Authors: Nien PC, Wang JY, Chen PY, Chen LC, Ho KC A modified electrode was proposed based on the sequential coating to immobilize both p-benzoquinone (BZQ) and glucose oxidase (GOD). Three electrodes, A, B, and C, were prepared separately by drop-coating the BZQ solution dissolved in different solvents on the stainless-steel/carbon (ssteel/C). Among those three electrodes, electrode B shows the best sensitivity of 2.21mAM(-1)cm(-2), a linear concentration range of 1.1-15mM and a response time of 100 s at a sensing potential of 0.3V. The responses of interferences, including ascorbic acid, dopamine, uric acid and acetaminophen, were approximately 0%, 1.4%, approximately 0% and 3%, respectively, taken the sensing current at 6.0mM glucose as 100%. In a test of the human blood sample, an ...

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  Urolithiasis and hepatotoxicity are linked to the anion transporter Sat1 in mice

Urolithiasis, a condition in which stones are present in the urinary system, including the kidneys and bladder, is a poorly understood yet common disorder worldwide that leads to significant health care costs, morbidity, and work loss. Acetaminophen-induced liver damage is a major cause of death in patients with acute liver failure. Kidney and urinary stones and liver toxicity are disturbances linked to alterations in oxalate and sulfate homeostasis, respectively. The sulfate anion transporter–1 (Sat1; also known as Slc26a1) mediates epithelial transport of oxalate and sulfate, and its localization in the kidney, liver, and intestine suggests that it may play a role in oxalate and sulfate homeostasis. To determine the physiological roles of Sat1, we created Sat1–/– ...

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  Hearing Loss In Men Increased By Regular Analgesic Use

In a study published in the March 2010 issue of The American Journal of Medicine, researchers determined that regular use of aspirin, acetaminophen and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) increases the risk of hearing loss in men, particularly in younger men, below age 60. Hearing loss is the most common sensory disorder in the US, afflicting over 36 million people... (Source: Hearing / Deafness News From Medical News Today)

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  Hearing Loss In Men Increased By Regular Analgesic Use

In a study published in the March 2010 issue of The American Journal of Medicine, researchers determined that regular use of aspirin, acetaminophen and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) increases the risk of hearing loss in men, particularly in younger men, below age 60. Hearing loss is the most common sensory disorder in the US, afflicting over 36 million people. Not only is hearing loss highly prevalent among the elderly, but approximately one third of those aged 40-49 years already suffer from hearing loss... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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  THERACODOPHEN-LOW-90 (Hydrocodone Bitartrate And Acetaminophen) Tablet [Targeted Medical Pharma, Inc.]

Updated Date: Mar 2, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE AND ACETAMINOPHEN (Hydrocodone Bitartrate And Acetaminophen ) Tablet HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE AND ACETAMINOPHENtablet [Apotheca Inc.]

Updated Date: Mar 2, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Aspirin, Acetaminophen and NSAID's Increase Risk of Male Hearing Loss

Regular analgesic use increases hearing loss in men - According to new study published in the American Journal of Medicine... (Source: Disabled World)

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  Painkillers linked to hearing loss

BOSTON, March 1 (UPI) -- Regular use of aspirin, acetaminophen and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increases the risk of hearing loss in men, U.S. researchers found. (Source: Health News - UPI.com)

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  Role for protein kinase C delta in the functional activity of human UGT1A6: implications for drug-drug interactions between PKC inhibitors and UGT1A6.

Authors: Volak LP, Court MH Many UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) require phosphorylation by protein kinase C (PKC) for glucuronidation activity. Inhibition of UGT phosphorylation by PKC inhibitor drugs may represent a novel mechanism for drug-drug interactions. The potential for PKC-mediated inhibition of human UGT1A6, an isoform involved in the glucuronidation of drugs such as acetaminophen (paracetamol) and endogenous substrates including serotonin, was evaluated using various cell model systems. Of ten different PKC inhibitors screened for their effects on acetaminophen glucuronidation by human LS180 colon cells, only rottlerin (PKC delta selective inhibitor; IC(50) = 9.0 +/- 1.2 muM) and the non-selective PKC inhibitors (calphostin-C, curcumin and hypericin) decreased glucuroni...

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  Corneal Abrasions in Young Infants

CONCLUSIONS: Corneal abrasions are extremely common among 1- to 12-week-old infants and have unclear clinical significance. Primary care physicians should be careful about attributing unexplained persistent crying to corneal abrasions, potentially missing a more-serious problem. (Source: PEDIATRICS)

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  Regular analgesic use increases hearing loss in men

(Elsevier Health Sciences) In a study published in the March 2010 issue of the American Journal of Medicine, researchers determined that regular use of aspirin, acetaminophen and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increases the risk of hearing loss in men, particularly in younger men, below age 60. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

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  PROPOXYPHENE AND ACETAMINOPHEN (Propoxyphene Napsylate And Acetaminophen) Tablet, Film Coated [Physicians Total Care, Inc.]

Updated Date: Mar 1, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Regular Analgesic Use Increases Hearing Loss in Men

Researchers determined that regular use of aspirin, acetaminophen and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) increases the risk of hearing loss in men, particularly in younger men, below age 60. (Source: BWH for Journalists)

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  Regular Analgesic Use Increases Hearing Loss in Men

Researchers determined that regular use of aspirin, acetaminophen and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) increases the risk of hearing loss in men, particularly in younger men, below age 60. (Source: BWH News)

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  Analgesic Use and the Risk of Hearing Loss in Men

We examined the independent association between self-reported professionally diagnosed hearing loss and regular use of aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and acetaminophen in 26,917 men aged 40-74 years at baseline in 1986. Study participants completed detailed questionnaires at baseline and every 2 years thereafter. Incident cases of new-onset hearing loss were defined as those diagnosed after 1986. Cox proportional hazards multivariate regression was used to adjust for potential confounding factors.Results: During 369,079 person-years of follow-up, 3488 incident cases of hearing loss were reported. Regular use of each analgesic was independently associated with an increased risk of hearing loss. Multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios of hearing loss in regular users (2+...

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  Oral acetaminophen (paracetamol) for additional analgesia in phacoemulsification cataract surgery performed using topical anesthesia: Randomized double-masked placebo-controlled trial

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical analgesic efficacy of 1.0 g oral acetaminophen (paracetamol) given in addition to topical anesthesia before phacoemulsification cataract surgery.Setting: Inpatient and outpatient ophthalmology clinics, Bydgoszcz, Poland.Methods: Consecutive patients with age-related cataract having phacoemulsification under topical anesthesia (tetracaine 0.5%) were enrolled in a prospective double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study. Patients were randomly assigned to preoperative oral administration of a placebo medication or to oral administration of 1.0 g acetaminophen. The main outcome measure was intensity of pain during and after surgery. Pain intensity was measured using a 10 cm baseline visual analog scale and a discrete 5-category verbal rating scale.Results...

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  Pitfalls in salicylate toxicity

We read with great interest the report by Drs Herres, Ryan, and Salzman entitled “Delayed Salicylate Toxicity With Undetectable Initial Levels After Large-dose Aspirin Ingestion” . The authors have uncovered many of the pitfalls that have plagued treatment of aspirin-poisoned patients and make it such a difficult ingestion to treat appropriately. It also brings home the point that salicylate intoxication, like acetaminophen, may seem relatively innocuous in the face of worsening toxicity. (Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine)

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  Athletes, NSAID, Coxibs, and the Gastrointestinal Tract.

Authors: Lilly KF The role of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) in pain and inflammation has been evaluated in many forms over the last decade. Emerging evidence shows that this class of medications has different effects depending on injury type: bone, ligament, tendon, and muscle. There are no clear guidelines about specific NSAID choice, duration of use, or route of administration. Benefit of therapy must be weighed against the side effects of NSAID, specifically with respect to the gastrointestinal and renal systems. It is clear that the side effect profile changes within the subclasses of NSAID, nonspecific cyclo-oxygenase-1 and 2 (COX-1 and COX-2) inhibitors, and more selective COX-2 inhibitors. Safe and effective alternatives may include topical NSAID and acetaminophen....

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  Back pain: Which pain reliever is best?

Several over-the-counter medicines may help relieve low back pain. Acetaminophen . . . (Source: MayoClinic.com Full Feed)

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  OXYCODONE AND ACETAMINOPHEN (Oxycodone Hydrochloride And Acetaminophen) Tablet [Physicians Total Care, Inc.]

Updated Date: Feb 26, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Estimating Total Acetaminophen Burden in LTC Residents with Diabetes

The objective of this research was to determine total APAP dose burden from stand-alone orders and combination analgesics in residents with diabetes. (Source: Journal of the American Medical Directors Association)

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  HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE AND ACETAMINOPHEN TABLETS (Hydrocodone Bitartrate And Acetaminophen) Tablet [Amneal Pharmaceuticals]

Updated Date: Feb 24, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  EXCEDRIN (Acetaminophen, Aspirin (Nsaid) And Caffeine) Tablet, Film Coated [Novartis Consumer Health, Inc.]

Updated Date: Feb 24, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  EXCEDRIN (Acetaminophen, Aspirin And Caffeine) Tablet, Film Coated [Novartis Consumer Health, Inc.]

Updated Date: Feb 24, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  NSAIDs similarly effective to acetaminophen plus codeine for post-laparotomy pain and may reduce adverse effects

(Source: Evidence-Based Nursing)

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  Ibuprofen provides similar pain relief but reduces adverse effects and improves function compared with acetaminophen plus codeine in children with uncomplicated fractures

(Source: Evidence-Based Nursing)

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  N-Acetylcysteine in non-acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure

Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Letter to the EditorDOI 10.1007/s12072-010-9171-9Authors Levent Filik, Ankara Research Hospital Gastroenterology Division Altindag 06600 Ankara Turkey Journal Hepatology InternationalOnline ISSN 1936-0541Print ISSN 1936-0533 (Source: Hepatology International)

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  Fentanyl Sparing Effects of Combined Ketorolac and Acetaminophen for Outpatient Inguinal Hernia Repair in Children

Conclusions: Preoperative intravenous coadministration of ketorolac and acetaminophen is a simple, safe and effective method for relieving postoperative pain, and demonstrates highly significant fentanyl sparing effects in small children after outpatient inguinal hernia repair. (Source: The Journal of Urology)

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  An Ibuprofen A Day Could Keep Parkinson's Disease Away

New research shows people who regularly take ibuprofen may reduce their risk of developing Parkinson's disease, according to a study released that will be presented at the American Academy of Neurology's 62nd Annual Meeting in Toronto April 10 to April 17, 2010. The research involved 136,474 people who did not have Parkinson's disease at the beginning of the research. Participants were asked about their use of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including aspirin, ibuprofen and acetaminophen. After six years, 293 participants had developed Parkinson's disease... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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  Pain Reliever Prevents Type of Kidney Damage in Rats

Preliminary animal studies show that acetaminophen can protect kidneys from damage related to muscle injuries. (Source: NIGMS Biomedical Beat)

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  Ethnic Differences in Parental Perceptions and Management of Childhood Fever

To explore knowledge and management of childhood fever among ethnically diverse parents and identify opportunities for educational intervention, we administered a cross-sectional survey to a convenience sample of 487 parents of children enrolled in 2 urban hospital-based pediatric clinics. Outcomes included parental definition of fever, level of concern, and management of fever. Latino parents were least likely to identify a temperature as nonfebrile from 97-100.3°F (adjusted odds ratios [AOR] 0.06) or identify a fever as a temperature from 100.4-107°F (AOR 0.52). African Americans were least likely to believe that fever can cause death or brain damage (AOR 0.4). African Americans were more likely to dose ibuprofen more frequently than recommended (AOR 1.97). All ethnicities are eq...

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  Nephrotoxicity assessments of acetaminophen during zebrafish embryogenesis.

In conclusion, AAP-induced defects on glomerulus, pronephric tube and pronephric duct could be easily and dynamically observed in vivo during kidney development in this present model. PMID: 20170747 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology and pharmacology : CBP)

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  NORCO (Hydrocodone Bitartrate And Acetaminophen) Tablet [Keltman Pharmaceuticals Inc.]

Updated Date: Feb 12, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  ULTRACET (Tramadol And Acetaminophen) Tablet, Film Coated [Keltman Pharmaceuticals Inc.]

Updated Date: Feb 12, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Quantifying Pain Relief Following Administration of a Novel Formulation of Paracetamol (Acetaminophen).

This article describes how a model-based analysis was used to aid development of a novel formulation technology. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) was used as the motivating example with 4 different formulations (2 developmental and 2 commercial) compared using stochastic (Monte Carlo) pharmacokinetic (PK)-pharmacodynamic (PD) simulations to explore potential differences in pharmacodynamic outcomes. PK models were developed from data collected during an intensively sampled, 4-arm crossover trial in 25 fasted healthy subjects, administered 1 g of paracetamol in 4 different formulations. The PK models were linked to a previously published PD model that quantified pain relief over time following tonsillectomy. The number needed to treat (NNT) was the primary numeric used to compare effectiveness. T...

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  Cadence Pharmaceuticals Receives Complete Response Letter from FDA for Intravenous Acetaminophen NDA

No new studies requested Cadence to Host Conference Call and Webcast on Thursday at 8:30 a.m. ET SAN DIEGO, Feb. 11 (HSMN NewsFeed) -- Cadence Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq: CADX) announced today that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has... Biopharmaceuticals, FDACadence Pharmaceuticals, intravenous acetaminophen, OFIRMEV, acetaminophen (Source: HSMN NewsFeed)

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  Cadence Pharmaceuticals Receives Complete Response Letter from FDA for Intravenous Acetaminophen NDA

SAN DIEGO, Feb. 11 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- Cadence Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (NASDAQ:CADX) announced today that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued a Complete Response letter to its New Drug Application (NDA) for intravenous... (Source: Drugs.com - New Drug Applications)

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  Efficacy and Safety of Ibuprofen and Acetaminophen in Children and Adults: A Meta-Analysis and Qualitative Review(March).

Conclusions regarding adult fever/temperature reduction could not be made due to a lack of evaluable data. The combined odds ratio for the proportion of adult subjects experiencing at least 1 AE slightly favored ibuprofen; however, the difference was not statistically significant (1.12; 95% CI 1.00 to 1.25). No significant difference between drugs in AE incidence was found for pediatric patients (0.82; 95% CI 0.60 to 1.12). CONCLUSIONS: Ibuprofen is as or more efficacious than acetaminophen for the treatment of pain and fever in adult and pediatric populations and is equally safe. PMID: 20150507 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The Annals of Pharmacotherapy)

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  Prenatal acetaminophen exposure and risk of wheeze at age 5 years in an urban low-income cohort

Conclusions Prenatal exposure to acetaminophen predicted wheeze at age 5 years in an inner-city minority cohort. The risk was modified by a functional polymorphism in GSTP1, suggesting a mechanism involving the glutathione pathway. (Source: Thorax)

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  Acetaminophen and Asthma

(Source: Thorax)

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  Best Evidence Review: Ibuprofen or Acetaminophen With Codeine -- Which Is Better for Acute Pain in Children?

Pain management in children has seriously lagged behind that of adults, but we are getting there, one study at a time. Medscape Family Medicine (Source: Medscape General Surgery Headlines)

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  Amneal Receives FDA Approval For Tramadol/APAP Tablets

Amneal Pharmaceuticals is pleased to announce that it received U.S. FDA approval to manufacture combination Tramadol HCl in 37.5 mg strength and Acetaminophen in 325 mg strength (Tramadol/APAP) in tablet form effective December 9, 2009. Amneal's generic is an AB-rated, therapeutically equivalent alternative to Ultracet® (a licensed trademark of Ortho-McNeil Janssen). U.S. sales of Tramadol/APAP were $61 MM according to June 2009 IMS Health market data. Tramadol/APAP is a centrally-acting analgesic indicated for the short-term management of moderately severe acute pain... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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  Amneal Receives FDA Approval For Tramadol/APAP Tablets

Amneal Pharmaceuticals is pleased to announce that it received U.S. FDA approval to manufacture combination Tramadol HCl in 37.5 mg strength and Acetaminophen in 325 mg strength (Tramadol/APAP) in tablet form effective December 9, 2009. Amneal's generic is an AB-rated, therapeutically equivalent alternative to Ultracet® (a licensed trademark of Ortho-McNeil Janssen). U.S... (Source: Pain / Anesthetics News From Medical News Today)

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  Acetaminophen inhibits hemoprotein-catalyzed lipid peroxidation and attenuates rhabdomyolysis-induced renal failure [Pharmacology]

Hemoproteins, hemoglobin and myoglobin, once released from cells can cause severe oxidative damage as a consequence of heme redox cycling... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)

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  A prospective evaluation and literature review of levetiracetam use in patients with brain tumors and seizures

Abstract  To determine the safety and tolerability of IV and oral levetiracetam monotherapy for seizures in brain tumor patients following resection. Brain tumor patients undergoing neurosurgery with ≥1 seizure within the preceding month prior to surgery were enrolled to receive intravenous levetiracetam for a minimum of 48 h, transitioned to oral levetiracetam at the same dose, and followed for 1-month after discharge. Patients were assessed daily in the hospital, provided with a seizure diary, and supplied with 30 days of levetiracetam upon discharge. Study patients were telephoned weekly to assess their cognitive status and seizure frequency. Of the 17 patients enrolled, the baseline seizure types were tonic clonic, partial, and complex partial with secondary ...

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  Latino And White Children Might Receive Different Pain Treatment

Differences might exist in the amount of pain medicine given to Latino and white children after surgery, found a new, small study in which Latino children received 30 percent less opioid analgesics (morphine or morphine-like drugs) than white children did. During surgery, administration of non-opioid analgesics (such as acetaminophen) and opioid analgesics was similar between Latino and white children, said lead study author Nathalia Jimenez, M.D., of Seattle Children's Hospital... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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  Combining Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) with Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs: A Qualitative Systematic Review of Analgesic Efficacy for Acute Postoperative Pain.

Conclusion: Current evidence suggests that a combination of paracetamol and an NSAID may offer superior analgesia compared with either drug alone. PMID: 20142348 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anesthesia and Analgesia)

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  NMR imaging study of cross-linked high-amylose starch tablets The effect of drug loading

Y. J. Wang, F. Ravenelle, and X. X. Zhu - NMR imaging techniques were used to study the effect of drug loading in cross-linked high-amylose starch tablets. The tablets contained acetaminophen with loading levels from... (Source: Canadian Journal of Chemistry)

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  Potential physiological effects of pharmaceutical compounds in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) implied by transcriptomic analysis.

CONCLUSIONS: The continuously growing number of annotations of representative species relevant for environmental quality testing is facilitating pathway analysis processes for not completely annotated organisms. KEGG has shown to be a useful tool for the analysis of induced pathways from data generated by microarray techniques with the selected pharmaceutical contaminants acetaminophen, carbamazepine, and atenolol, but further studies have to be carried out in order to determine if a similar expression pattern in terms of fold change quantity and pathways is observed after long-term exposure. Together with the information obtained in this study, it will then be possible to evaluate the potential risk that the continuous release of these compounds may have on the environment and ecosystem f...

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  Use Of Acetaminophen In Pregnancy Associated With Increased Asthma Symptoms In Children

Children who were exposed to acetaminophen prenatally were more likely to have asthma symptoms at age five in a study of 300 African-American and Dominican Republic children living in New York City... (Source: Genetics News From Medical News Today)

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  Use Of Acetaminophen In Pregnancy Associated With Increased Asthma Symptoms In Children

Children who were exposed to acetaminophen prenatally were more likely to have asthma symptoms at age five in a study of 300 African-American and Dominican Republic children living in New York City. Building on prior research showing an association between both prenatal and postnatal acetaminophen and asthma, this is the first study to demonstrate a direct link between asthma and an ability to detoxify foreign substances in the body. The findings were published this week in the journal Thorax... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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  Use of acetaminophen in pregnancy associated with increased asthma symptoms in children

(Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health) Children who were exposed to acetaminophen prenatally were more likely to have asthma symptoms at age five in a study of 300 African-American and Dominican Republic children living in New York City. This is the first study to demonstrate a direct link between asthma and an ability to detoxify foreign substances in the body. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

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  Acetaminophen protects kidneys after muscle injury

Severe muscle injuries -- such as crush injuries suffered in earthquakes, car accidents and explosions, and muscle damage from excessive exercise or statin drug interactions -- can cause life-threatening kidney damage. Treatment has been limited to intravenous fluids and dialysis, but a new study suggests that the commonly used pain reliever acetaminophen may protect the kidneys from damage. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)

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  Acetaminophen Protects Kidneys?

Severe muscle injuries, such as crush injuries suffered in earthquakes, car accidents and explosions, and muscle damage from excessive exercise or statin drug interactions can cause life-threatening kidney damage. (Source: Medical Headlines From Ivanhoe.com)

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  Quantitative analyses and transcriptomic profiling of circulating messenger RNAs as biomarkers of rat liver injury

Conclusion: The comparative analysis of circulating liver mRNAs with traditional serum transaminases and histopathology indicated that the circulating liver mRNAs were more specific and more sensitive biomarkers of liver injury. Further, the possibility of identifying chemical-specific transcriptional profiles from circulating mRNAs could open a range of possibilities for identifying the etiology of drug/chemical-induced liver injury. HEPATOLOGY 2010 (Source: Hepatology)

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  Population-Based Case-Control Study of Chinese Herbal Products Containing Aristolochic Acid and Urinary Tract Cancer Risk

Conclusions Consumption of aristolochic acid–containing Chinese herbal products is associated with an increased risk of cancer of the urinary tract in a dose-dependent manner that is independent of arsenic exposure. (Source: JNCI)

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  Acetaminophen Protects Kidneys After Muscle Injury

Severe muscle injuries - such as crush injuries suffered in earthquakes, car accidents and explosions, and muscle damage from excessive exercise or statin drug interactions - can cause life-threatening kidney damage. Treatment has been limited to intravenous fluids and dialysis, but a new study suggests that the commonly used pain reliever acetaminophen may protect the kidneys from damage... (Source: Public Health News From Medical News Today)

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  Acetaminophen Protects Kidneys After Muscle Injury

Severe muscle injuries - such as crush injuries suffered in earthquakes, car accidents and explosions, and muscle damage from excessive exercise or statin drug interactions - can cause life-threatening kidney damage. Treatment has been limited to intravenous fluids and dialysis, but a new study suggests that the commonly used pain reliever acetaminophen may protect the kidneys from damage... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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  TYLOX (Acetaminophen And Oxycodone Hydrochloride) Capsule [Ortho-McNeil-Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.]

Updated Date: Feb 2, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  PROPOXYPHENE AND ACETAMINOPHEN (Propoxyphene Napsylate And Acetaminophen) Tablet, Film Coated [Qualitest Pharmaceuticals]

Updated Date: Feb 2, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Cheap drug prevents kidney damage from injury

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The common painkiller acetaminophen can protect the kidneys from damage caused by crushing wounds such as those seen in earthquake victims or after car accidents, researchers reported on Monday. (Source: Reuters: Health)

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  Cheap Drug Prevents Kidney Damage from Injury

The common painkiller acetaminophen can protect the kidneys from damage caused by crushing wounds such as those seen in earthquake victims or after car accidents, researchers reported on Monday. Source: Reuters Health Related MedlinePlus Topics: Kidney Failure, Pain Relievers (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

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  Acetaminophen Helps Prevent Kidney Damage After Severe Muscle Injuries

(Source: NIGMS - Results)

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  Lack of Benefit From Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) for Palliative Cancer Patients Requiring High-Dose Strong Opioids: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial

J Pain Symptom Manage (new issue) (Source: Palliative Care JournalClub - Selected Articles)

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  Pediatricians' management practices for chronic pain.

Conclusions: Our findings illustrate that pediatricians' theoretical approaches to chronic pain management are more collaborative than independent. Future research must test if pediatricians could benefit from supplemental pain education, increased emphasis on clinical guidance, and an increased awareness of hospice to be included in the pain management team for children. PMID: 20109004 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Pain Physician)

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  Effect of d-sorbitol on the thermal gelation of methylcellulose formulations for drug delivery.

Authors: Itoh K, Hatakeyama T, Kimura T, Shimoyama T, Miyazaki S, D'Emanuele A, Attwood D The aim of this study was to examine the effect of D-sorbitol on the gelation characteristics of methylcellulose in aqueous solution. The addition of D-sorbitol at concentrations of between 25 and 30% (w/v) to 1.0-2.0% (w/v) methylcellulose solutions reduced the gelation temperature from approximately 53 degrees C to values between ambient and 37 degrees C and increased the strength of the gel. The in vitro release of acetaminophen (paracetamol) from 2.0% (w/v) methylcellulose gels containing 20-30% (w/v) D-sorbitol gel was diffusion-controlled. PMID: 20118589 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin)

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  Solubility of acetaminophen and Ibuprofen in binary and ternary mixtures of polyethylene glycol 600, ethanol and water.

Authors: Soltanpour S, Jouyban A Experimental solubilities of acetaminophen and ibuprofen in polyethylene glycol 600-water, ethanol-polyethylene glycol 600, and polyethylene glycol 600-water-ethanol mixtures at 25 degrees C are reported. The solubilities of drugs in the presence of ethanol and polyethylene glycol 600 were increased. The Jouyban-Acree model was used to fit the solubility data of each drug in the binary mixtures in which the overall mean relative deviations (OMRDs) for acetaminophen and ibuprofen were 2.9% and 4.3%, respectively. The OMRDs for ternary solvent mixtures for acetaminophen and ibuprofen were 16.8% and 22.4%, respectively. Generally, the errors associated with ibuprofen are larger than that of acetaminophen in both binary and ternary solvent mixtures. The sol...

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  Perioperative Rectal Administration of Nonopioid Analgesics

THE NONOPIOID ANALGESIC group is comprised of acetaminophen and the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). These drugs are appropriate as first-line analgesics for postoperative pain of mild to moderate intensity. Numerous studies have shown that they also produce dose-sparing effects and provide effective pain relief for a wide variety of major surgical procedures as part of a multimodal pain management regimen that combines drugs with different underlying mechanisms of action. Guidelines recommend the use of multimodal analgesia as a means of reducing postoperative opioid doses and preventing clinically significant opioid-induced adverse effects. However, the current availability of only two IV nonopioid analgesic formulations in the United States (ketorolac and ibuprofen; IV ind...

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  Risks of Kidney Failure Associated With Consumption of Herbal Products Containing Mu Tong or Fangchi: A Population-Based Case-Control Study

The objective of this study is to determine the association between prescribed herbal products containing aristolochic acid and ESRD.Study Design: Population-based case-control study.Setting & Participants: All new ESRD cases in Taiwan and a simple random sample (200,000 people) drawn from the national health insurance reimbursement database in 1997-2002.Predictor: Age; sex; hypertension; diabetes; cumulative doses of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acetaminophen, and adulterated herbal supplements potentially containing aristolochic acid before the development of chronic kidney disease; and indications for prescribing such herbs, including chronic hepatitis, chronic urinary tract infection, chronic neuralgia, or chronic musculoskeletal diseases.Outcomes & Measurements: Occurrence of...

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  Don't Accidentally Poison Yourself - No. 1 Medication Mistake

According to an article in MSN Health & Fitness, one of the most dangerous medication mistakes you can make is also one of the most common mistakes. It's accidentally overdosing on painkillers by taking them with a cold or flu remedy that already contain the drug.Specifically, don't take ibuprofen (found in Motrin or Advil) or acetaminophen (found in Tylenol) with: Alka Seltzer Plus (250 mg acetaminophen) Comtrex (325 mg acetaminophen) Contac (500 mg acetaminophen) Dayquil (325 mg acetaminophen) Dristan Cold (325 acetaminophen) Nyquil (500 mg acetaminophenl) Nurofen (200 mg ibuprofen) The warnings on both the pain relievers and the cold and flu remedies do advise people against taking these drug combinations, yet this dangerous error is easy to make. The hazard is compounded if you d...

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  Exacerbation of Acetaminophen-Induced Disturbances of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells in the Absence of Kupffer Cells in Mice.

Authors: Holt MP, Yin H, Ju C Although there has been considerable research in terms of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and hepatic resident macrophages (Kupffer cells, KCs) during the overall pathogenesis of acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury, little is known about their potential interaction and relationship. In the present study, employing the use of liposome/clodronate to deplete KCs, we were able to confirm the previously demonstrated hepato-protective role for KCs. Such a protective role may be mediated, in part, via regulation of LSEC homeostasis and integrity. The further aggravation of APAP-induced LSEC disturbance upon depletion of KCs correlated with increased hepatic vascular permeability and red blood cell accumulation. The depletion of KCs prior to APAP ...

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  Protection by dietary Spirulina platensis against d-galactosamine- and acetaminophen-induced liver injuries.

Authors: Lu J, Ren DF, Wang JZ, Sanada H, Egashira Y Increasing attention has been paid to Spirulina for its potential clinical uses. The present study investigated the protection by dietary Spirulina platensis against d-galactosamine (d-GalN)- and acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatitis in ICR mice. Mice in each group (n 6) were fed with a standard diet (American Institute of Nutrition (AIN)-93G), a positive control diet containing 0.5 % butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), or a diet containing 3, 6 or 9 % S. platensis for 1 week. On the last day the mice were treated with d-GalN (300 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally) or APAP (150 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally) and 24 h later the mice were killed. The doses of both 6 and 9 % S. platensis were found to significantly alleviate the ...

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  NSAIDs may beat acetaminophen for menstrual cramps

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - The class of painkillers that includes ibuprofen and naproxen seems to work well against menstrual cramps, and may be more effective than acetaminophen, a new research review suggests. (Source: Reuters: Health)

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  NSAIDs May Beat Acetaminophen for Menstrual Cramps

The class of painkillers that includes ibuprofen and naproxen seems to work well against menstrual cramps, and may be more effective than acetaminophen, a new research review suggests. Source: Reuters Health Related MedlinePlus Topics: Pain Relievers, Premenstrual Syndrome (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

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  ENDOCET (Oxycodone And Acetaminophen) Tablet [Blenheim Pharmacal, Inc.]

Updated Date: Jan 26, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  OXYCODONE HYDROCHLORIDE AND ACETAMINOPHEN (Oxycodone Hydrochloride And Acetaminophen) Tablet [St. Mary'S Medical Park Pharmacy]

Updated Date: Jan 26, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  The effectiveness of the McKenzie method in addition to first-line care for acute low back pain: a randomized controlled trial

Conclusions: When added to the currently recommended first-line care of acute low back pain, a treatment programme based on the McKenzie method does not produce appreciable additional short-term improvements in pain, disability, function or global perceived effect. However, the McKenzie method seems to reduce health utilization although it does not reduce patient's risk of developing persistent symptoms.Trial Registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12605000032651 (Source: BMC Medicine)

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  BUTALBITAL, ACETAMINOPHEN AND CAFFEINEtablet [American Health Packaging]

Updated Date: Jan 22, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Gap Junction Dysfunction Reduces Acetaminophen Hepatotoxicity with Impact on Apoptotic Signaling and Connexin 43 Protein Induction in Rat.

Authors: Naiki-Ito A, Asamoto M, Naiki T, Ogawa K, Takahashi S, Sato S, Shirai T Acetaminophen (APAP) is a widely used antipyretic and analgesic agent. However, overdosing and sometimes even a recommended dose can lead to serious and conceivably fatal liver toxicity. Therefore, it is important to clarify understand mechanisms of hepatotoxicity induced by APAP. Gap junctions, formed by connexin, have important roles in maintenance of tissue homeostasis and control of cell growth and differentiation. In the liver, Cx32 is a major gap junction protein whose expression is known to gradually decrease with chronic liver disease progression. In the present study, acute hepatotoxic effects of APAP were found to be reduced in Cx32 dominant negative transgenic rats lacking normal gap junctional ...

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  Potential Role of Caveolin-1 in Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity.

Authors: Gardner CR, Gray JP, Joseph LB, Cervelli J, Bremer N, Kim Y, Mishin V, Laskin JD, Laskin DL Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is a membrane scaffolding protein which functions to regulate intracellular compartmentalization of various signaling molecules. In the present studies, transgenic mice with a targeted disruption of the Cav-1 gene (Cav-1(-/-)) were used to assess the role of Cav-1 in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. Treatment of wild type mice with acetaminophen (300 mg/kg) resulted in centrilobular hepatic necrosis and increases in serum transaminases. This was correlated with decreased expression of Cav-1 in the liver. Acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity was significantly attenuated in Cav-1(-/-)mice, an effect that was independent of acetaminophen metabolism. Acetaminophen ad...

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  Gentiana manshurica Kitagawa prevents acetaminophen-induced acute hepatic injury in mice via inhibiting JNK/ERK MAPK pathway.

CONCLUSION: Hepatoprotective effects of GM against APAP-induced acute toxicity are mediated either by preventing the decline of hepatic antioxidant status or its direct anti-apoptosis capacity. These results support that GM is a potent hepatoprotective agent. PMID: 20082487 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

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  Actions of prolonged ghrelin infusion on gastrointestinal transit and glucose homeostasis in humans

Conclusions & Inferences The effect of a 6-h ghrelin infusion on gastrointestinal motility is limited to the stomach without affecting orocecal or colonic transit. Plasma glucose, insulin, and GLP-1 are elevated postprandially, probably as a result of the hastened gastric emptying. Changes in glucose homeostasis as a consequence of stimulated gastric emptying and hormone release, need to be taken into account in the use of pharmacological stimulants for the treatment of motility disorders. (Source: Neurogastroenterology and Motility)

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  Synergistic Hepatotoxicity of N,N-Dimethylformamide with Carbon Tetrachloride in Association with Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.

This study investigated whether DMF in combination with a low dose of hepatotoxicant enhances hepatotoxicity, and if so, on what mechanistic basis. Treatment of rats with either DMF (50-500mg/kg/day, for 3 days) or a single low dose of CCl(4) (0.2ml/kg) alone caused small increases in plasma transaminases and lactate dehydrogenase activities. However, combinatorial treatment of DMF with CCl(4) markedly increased blood biochemical changes. Histopathology confirmed the synergism in hepatotoxicity. Moreover, DMF+CCl(4) caused PARP cleavage and caspase-3 activation, but decreased the level of Bcl-xL, all of which confirmed apoptosis of hepatocytes. Consistently, DMF+CCl(4) treatment markedly increased lipid peroxidation. By contrast, treatment of DMF in combination with lipopolysaccharide, ace...

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  Epicrania Fugax: Ten New Cases and Therapeutic Results

Conclusions.[mdash] This description reinforces the proposal of EF as a new headache variant or a new headache syndrome. Anesthetic blockades, carbamazepine, gabapentin, and lamotrigine have been apparently effective in individual patients. Further observations and therapeutic trials are needed. (Source: Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain)

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  Epicrania Fugax: Ten New Cases and Therapeutic Results.

Conclusions.- This description reinforces the proposal of EF as a new headache variant or a new headache syndrome. Anesthetic blockades, carbamazepine, gabapentin, and lamotrigine have been apparently effective in individual patients. Further observations and therapeutic trials are needed. PMID: 20100299 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Headache)

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  ACETAMINOPHEN AND CODEINE PHOSPHATEtablet [American Health Packaging]

Updated Date: Jan 19, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  UP AND UP MIGRAINE RELIEF (Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine) Tablet [Target Corporation]

Updated Date: Jan 19, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Using transdermal iontophoresis to increase granisetron delivery across skin in vitro and in vivo: effect of experimental conditions and a comparison with other enhancement strategies.

The objectives of the study were (i) to investigate the effect of experimental parameters on the iontophoretic transport of granisetron, (ii) to identify the relative contributions of electromigration (EM) and electroosmosis (EO), (iii) to determine the feasibility of delivering therapeutic amounts of drug for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and (iv) to test the in vitro results in a simple animal model in vivo. Preliminary in vitro studies using aqueous granisetron formulations investigating the effect of drug concentration (5, 10, 20 and 40mM) and current density (0.1, 0.2, 0.3mA.cm(-2)) were performed using porcine ear skin. As expected, cumulative delivery in vitro at the 20 and 40mM concentrations was significantly greater than that at 5 and 10mM, which were ...

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  Autism, Asthma and Tylenol

In the January 2010 issue of Medical Hypothesis, Becker and Schultz suggest that Tylenol may be implicated in both autism and asthma. The rate of these conditions has risen sharply in recent years but there continues to be controversy over the etiology. Little hard evidence exists but one study describes the significant increase in autism that began at the same time acetaminophen was recommended to take the place of aspirin. (Source: ChiroACCESS: Tools for Better Patient Care)

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  Lack of Benefit From Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) for Palliative Cancer Patients Requiring High-Dose Strong Opioids: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial

Conclusions: These data do not support the common practice of adding regular paracetamol daily as an adjunct to high-dose opioids for pain control in cancer patients receiving palliative care. (Source: Journal of Pain and Symptom Management)

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  Lymphocytic Hypophysitis

A 26-year-old woman at 30 weeks’ gestation presented to the emergency department with a throbbing frontal headache of 1 month’s duration. She had also had peripheral blurred vision for the past 2 weeks. Acetaminophen initially decreased her pain but was no longer effective. She had had a previous miscarriage. (Source: Consultant Live)

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  Smaller Doses Of Acetaminophen Considered To Improve Safety

The pain reliever acetaminophen is one of the safest and most effective drugs on the market. It's often recommended instead of aspirin as a day-to-day pain reliever because it's much easier on the stomach than other over-the-counter options and is considered safe when taken properly. But taken in too high a dose, acetaminophen can damage the liver and perhaps cause liver failure. The January issue of Mayo Clinic Women's HealthSource covers safety concerns and proposed changes in maximum doses. Over-the-counter acetaminophen often is associated with the brand-name drug Tylenol... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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  Smaller Doses Of Acetaminophen Considered To Improve Safety

The pain reliever acetaminophen is one of the safest and most effective drugs on the market. It's often recommended instead of aspirin as a day-to-day pain reliever because it's much easier on the stomach than other over-the-counter options and is considered safe when taken properly. But taken in too high a dose, acetaminophen can damage the liver and perhaps cause liver failure... (Source: Pain / Anesthetics News From Medical News Today)

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  Smaller Doses of Acetaminophen Considered to Improve Safety

The January issue of Mayo Clinic Women's HealthSource covers safety concerns and proposed changes in maximum doses of the pain reliever acetaminophen. (Source: Mayo Clinic Health Information)

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  DARVOCET A500 (Propoxyphene Napsylate And Acetaminophen) Tablet, Film Coated [Xanodyne Pharmaceuticals, Inc.]

Updated Date: Jan 13, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Efficacy of fixed combinations of acetylsalicyclic acid, acetaminophen and caffeine in the treatment of idiopathic headache: a review

Headache is one of the most common reasons for patients to visit their general practitioner. Most of these patients suffer from migraine, tension-type headache, or a combination of the two; they tend to self-medicate using over the counter combination headache preparations, particularly acetylsalicyclic acid (ASA) and acetaminophen coformulated with caffeine, which is one of the most commonly used combination analgesics in these patients worldwide. We reviewed studies on the efficacy and safety of this combination. In the treatment of migraine and tension-type headache, the combination of ASA, acetaminophen, and caffeine has been shown to be more efficacious and superior to monotherapy with the single substances of the combination. According to literature, there is no evidence for higher p...

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  Effectiveness of diclofenac versus acetaminophen in primary care patients with knee osteoarthritis: [NTR1485], DIPA-Trial: design of a randomized clinical trial

DiscussionThe successful completion of this trial would lead to a better understanding of which medication should be used in the treatment of primary care patients with mild knee osteoarthritis.Trial registration: Dutch trial registry NTR1485. (Source: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders)

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  Protection from olanzapine-induced metabolic toxicity in mice by acetaminophen and tetrahydroindenoindole

Authors: H G Shertzer, E L Kendig, H A Nasrallah, E Johansson & M B Genter (Source: International Journal of Obesity)

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  Acetaminophen reduces mitochondrial dysfunction during early cerebral postischemic reperfusion in rats.

Authors: Baliga SS, Jaques-Robinson KM, Hadzimichalis NM, Golfetti R, Merrill GF Acetaminophen, a popular analgesic and antipyretic, has been found to be effective against neuronal cell death in in vivo and in vitro models of neurological disorders. Acute neuronal death has been attributed to loss of mitochondrial permeability transition coupled with mitochondrial dysfunction. The potential impact of acetaminophen on acute injury from cerebral ischemia-reperfusion has not been studied. We investigated the effects of acetaminophen on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion-induced injury using a transient global forebrain ischemia model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received 15mg/kg of acetaminophen intravenously during ischemia induced by hypovolemic hypotension and bilateral common carotid arterial...

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  Somatic paravertebral block decreases opioid requirements in children undergoing appendectomy.

CONCLUSIONS: In children undergoing appendectomy, SPVB provides better pain relief than no block and reduces opioid requirements. Side effects were not statistically different between groups. PMID: 20063137 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia)

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  Taurine protects acetaminophen-induced oxidative damage in mice kidney through APAP urinary excretion and CYP2E1 inactivation.

Authors: Das J, Ghosh J, Manna P, Sil PC Acute exposure of acetaminophen (APAP), a widely used analgesic and antipyretic drug, causes severe renal damage and no specific agent has been reported so far that plays any beneficial role in this organ pathophysiology. In the present study, the protective role of taurine on APAP-induced nephrotoxicity was investigated in mice. In order to induce acute nephrotoxicity, APAP was administered at a single dose of 2g/kg body weight orally to male adult albino mice of Swiss strain. APAP exposure for 24h significantly increased plasma level of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, uric acid, TNFalpha, NO production, urinary gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) activity, total urinary protein and urinary glucose level accompanied by a decrease in...

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  DARVOCET-N 50 (Propoxyphene Napsylate And Acetaminophen) Tablet, Film Coated DARVOCET-N 100 (Propoxyphene Napsylate And Acetaminophen) Tablet, Film Coated [Xanodyne Pharmaceuticals, Inc.]

Updated Date: Jan 8, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Influence of acetaminophen on performance during time trial cycling

To establish whether acetaminophen improves performance of self-paced exercise through the reduction of perceived pain, 13 trained male cyclists performed a self-paced 10-mile (16.1 km) cycle time trial (TT) following the ingestion of either acetaminophen (ACT) or a placebo (PLA), administered in randomized double-blind design. TT were completed in a significantly faster time (t12 = 2.55, P < 0.05) under the ACT condition (26 min 15 s ± 1 min 36 s vs. 26 min 45 s ± 2 min 2 s). Power output (PO) was higher during the middle section of the TT in the ACT condition, resulting in a higher mean PO (P < 0.05) (265 ± 12 vs. 255 ± 15 W). Blood lactate concentration (B[La]) and heart rate (HR) were higher in the ACT condition (B[La] = 6.1 ± 2.9 mmol/l; HR = 8...

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  Heartbroken? Take a Tylenol. (Seriously)

The kind of pain that you feel when you get rejected socially feels different from the hurt you feel when you break your leg or scald your hand, but neurologically speaking, they're closely related. As researcher Naomi Eisenberger has shown, circuitry underlying both sorts of pain are found in the anterior cingulate cortex.But if that's the case, can a drug that dulls pain in the body have a similar effect on one's emotions? A surprising new study suggests that the answer is yes.<!--break-->Psychologist C. Nathan DeWall of the University of Kentucky College of Arts and Sciences Department of Psychology led a team that asked 25 subjects to take either acetaminophen (aka Tylenol) or a placebo for three weeks, and then to lie in a brain scanner and play a video game that was rigged to m...

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  Acetaminophen Use Not Linked to Major Birth Defects

The use of acetaminophen during the first trimester of pregnancy is not associated with a higher risk of major birth defects, according to a study in the January issue of Obstetrics & Gynecology. (Source: Modern Medicine)

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  Prophylactic Acetaminophen May Blunt Immune Response to Vaccines

(Source: AAP Grand Rounds)

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  Acetaminophen: Old drug, new warnings

Often, patients overdose because they take more than one acetaminophen product and are unaware that both products contain the drug. (Source: Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine)

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  An integrative genomic analysis identifies Bhmt2 as a diet-dependent genetic factor protecting against acetaminophen-induced liver toxicity [LETTERS]

Acetaminophen-induced liver toxicity is the most frequent precipitating cause of acute liver failure and liver transplant, but contemporary medical practice has mainly focused on patient management after a liver injury has been induced. An integrative genetic, transcriptional, and two-dimensional NMR-based metabolomic analysis performed using multiple inbred mouse strains, along with knowledge-based filtering of these data, identified betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase 2 (Bhmt2) as a diet-dependent genetic factor that affected susceptibility to acetaminophen-induced liver toxicity in mice. Through an effect on methionine and glutathione biosynthesis, Bhmt2 could utilize its substrate (S-methylmethionine [SMM]) to confer protection against acetaminophen-induced injury in vivo. Since SMM...

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  TYLENOL (Acetaminophen) Tablet, Film Coated, Extended Release [McNeil Consumer Healthcare Div McNeil-PPC, Inc]

Updated Date: Jan 4, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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  Mechanisms of acetaminophen-induced liver necrosis. - Hinson JA, Roberts DW, James LP.

Although considered safe at therapeutic doses, at higher doses, acetaminophen produces a centrilobular hepatic necrosis that can be fatal. Acetaminophen poisoning accounts for approximately one-half of all cases of acute liver failure in the United States ... (Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated))

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  Elevated International Normalized Ratio associated with concurrent use of ophthalmic erythromycin and warfarin.

CONCLUSION: An increase in INR values was reported after initiation of ophthalmic erythromycin in a patient receiving warfarin and recurred upon rechallenge with ophthalmic erythromycin. PMID: 20044367 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy : AJHP)

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  Investigation of the intestinal permeability and first-pass metabolism of drugs in cynomolgus monkeys using single-pass intestinal perfusion.

In conclusion, it was clarified that acetaminophen, verapamil and midazolam were metabolized extensively in the intestine of cynomolgus monkeys. This intestinal perfusion method is considered to be useful to identify the factors of species difference in the oral absorption of drugs. PMID: 20045946 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin)

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  Steroids as adjuvant therapy for acute pharyngitis in ambulatory patients: a systematic review.

CONCLUSIONS: Steroids are effective in relieving pain in acute pharyngitis. Although no serious adverse effects were observed, the benefits have to be balanced with possible adverse drug effects. There are safe and effective over-the-counter medications to relieve throat pain. Most patients received concomitant antibiotics; however, reducing the prescription of antibiotics for generally benign upper respiratory tract infection is a public health goal. We therefore recommend further studies to establish both the safety of steroids without antibiotic coverage and the additional benefits of steroids when used with regular administration of over-the-counter analgesic medications. PMID: 20065280 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of Family Medicine)

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  Acetaminophen Safety-Déjà Vu.

Acetaminophen Safety-Déjà Vu. Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Jan;115(1):176-178 Authors: PMID: 20081467 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology)

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  5-Oxoproline (pyroglutamic) acidosis associated with chronic acetaminophen use.

Authors: Duewall JL, Fenves AZ, Richey DS, Tran LD, Emmett M PMID: 20157498 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings)

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  Acetaminophen May Also Relieve Psychological Pain

New research suggests acetaminophen may not only help physical aches and pains but may also reduce psychological distress caused by social rejection. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

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  Oral N-Acetylcysteine Treatment for Acetaminophen Toxicity – How Long?

2.5 out of 5 stars A RETROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF SHORTENED-DURATION ORAL N-ACETYLCYSTEINE FOR THE TREATMENT OF ACETAMINOPHEN POISONING Betten DP et al. J Med Toxicol 2009 Dec;5:183-190. The tortuous argument this paper presents can be deduced from the hair-splitting language used in the abstract’s conclusion: “Treatment with shortened-course oral NAC [N-acetylcysteine] in patients meeting criteria for early discontinuation may be an effective treatment option in a sizeable proportion of individuals with potentially toxic acetaminophen ingestions”.  Well, anything may be effective.  Is it or isn’t it?  And if such a shortened-course may be effective in a “sizeable proportion”, how do we determine exactly which patients may comprise this population? I ...

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  Tylenol Lots Recalled – Musty Odor

The FDA and McNeil Consumer Healthcare announced that a recall of products initiated last month has been expanded to include all lots of Tylenol Arthritis Pain Caplets 100-count bottles with a red EZ-OPEN cap.  Consumers had complained of a strange musty, moldy, or mildewy odor that they associated with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.  According to McNeil and the FDA, the culprit seems to be 2,4,6-tribromoanisole (TBA), a breakdown product of a chemical used to treat the wooden pallets on which the Tylenol Caplets are stored and transported.  The FDA release stated that although the health effects of TBSAhave not be well studied, all reported effects have been mild and self-limited.  Interestingly, TBA has also been associated with defective wine having a “musty...

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  Antidote Pearls and Pitfalls

4 out of 5 stars TOXICOLOGY: PEARLS AND PITFALLS IN THE USE OF ANTIDOTES Smollin CG. Emerg Clin North Amer 2010;28:149-161. Abstract This is a good, relatively brief update on current use of certain important antidotes: high dose insulin euglycemia therapy (HIET) for calcium channel blocker (CCB) overdose; intravenous lipid emulsion for fat-soluble cardiotoxic medications; hydroxocobalamin for cyanide; N-acetylcysteine (oral and intravenous) for acetaminophen (APAP); and Crotalidae polyvalent immune Fab for rattlesnake envenomation.  Some of the points made by the author: Published case reports indicate that HIET is not always successful in treating severe CCB toxicity.  In some of the treatment failures, HIET was started late — after the onset of severe symptoms.  This might sug...

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  Acetaminophen may ease a broken heart

LEXINGTON, Ky., Dec. 25 (UPI) -- Acetaminophen, the active ingredient in Tylenol, may not only ease physical pain, but the pain of social rejection as well, U.S. researchers found. (Source: Health News - UPI.com)

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  Could acetaminophen ease psychological pain?

Over-the-counter pain relieving drugs have long been used to alleviate physical pain, while a host of other medications have been employed in the treatment of depression and anxiety. But is it possible that a common painkiller could serve double duty, easing not just the physical pains of sore joints and headaches, but also the pain of social rejection? (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)

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  Acetaminophen use in pregnancy and risk of birth defects: findings from the national birth defects prevention study.

CONCLUSION:: Single-ingredient-acetaminophen use during the first trimester does not appear to increase the risk of major birth defects. It may decrease the risk of selected malformations when used for a febrile illness. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:: II. PMID: 20027042 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology)

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  Acetaminophen safety-déjà vu.

Acetaminophen safety-déjà vu. Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Jan;115(1):176-8 Authors: PMID: 20027053 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology)

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  Susceptibility to acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity unexpectedly is decreased during acute viral hepatitis in mice.

Authors: Getachew Y, James L, Lee WM, Thiele DL, Miller BC Acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity results from cytochrome P450 metabolism of APAP to the toxic metabolite, n-acetyl-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI), which reacts with cysteinyl residues to form APAP adducts and initiates cell injury. As APAP is commonly used during viral illnesses there has been concern that APAP injury may be additive to that of viral hepatitis, leading physicians to advise against its use in such patients; this has not been investigated experimentally. We infected C57BL/6 male mice with replication-deficient adenovirus to produce moderately severe acute viral hepatitis and observed that APAP doses that were hepatotoxic or lethal in control mice produced neither death nor additional increase in serum ALT when adm...

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  Tylenol against psychological pain?

Headaches and heartaches. Broken bones and broken spirits. Hurting bodies and hurt feelings. We often use the same words to describe physical and mental pain. Over-the-counter pain relieving drugs have long been used to alleviate physical pain, while a host of other medications have been employed in the therapy of depression and anxiety. But is it possible that a common painkiller could serve double duty, easing not just the physical pains of sore joints and headaches, but also the pain of social rejection? A research team led by psychology expert C. Nathan DeWall of the University of Kentucky College of Arts and Sciences Department of Psychology has uncovered evidence indicating that acetaminophen (the active ingredient in Tylenol) may blunt social pain........ (Source: Medicineworld.org:...

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  Could Acetaminophen Ease Psychological Pain?

Headaches and heartaches. Broken bones and broken spirits. Hurting bodies and hurt feelings. We often use the same words to describe physical and mental pain. Over-the-counter pain relieving drugs have long been used to alleviate physical pain, while a host of other medications have been employed in the treatment of depression and anxiety... (Source: Anxiety News From Medical News Today)

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  Could Acetaminophen Ease Psychological Pain?

Headaches and heartaches. Broken bones and broken spirits. Hurting bodies and hurt feelings. We often use the same words to describe physical and mental pain. Over-the-counter pain relieving drugs have long been used to alleviate physical pain, while a host of other medications have been employed in the treatment of depression and anxiety. But is it possible that a common painkiller could serve double duty, easing not just the physical pains of sore joints and headaches, but also the pain of social rejection? A research team led by psychologist C... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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  Could Acetaminophen Ease Psychological Pain?

Headaches and heartaches. Broken bones and broken spirits. Hurting bodies and hurt feelings. We often use the same words to describe physical and mental pain. Over-the-counter pain relieving drugs have long been used to alleviate physical pain, while a host of other medications have been employed in the treatment of depression and anxiety... (Source: Depression News From Medical News Today)

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  Effects of Acetaminophen, Naproxen, and Acetylsalicylic Acid on Tapentadol Pharmacokinetics: Results of Two Randomized, Open-Label, Crossover, Drug-Drug Interaction Studies

Conclusion. No clinically relevant changes were noted in the serum concentrations of tapentadol, and accordingly, no dosage adjustments with respect to the investigated pharmacokinetic mechanism of interaction are warranted for the administration of tapentadol given concomitantly with acetaminophen, naproxen, or acetylsalicylic acid. (Source: Pharmacotherapy: Official Journal of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy)

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  Could acetaminophen ease psychological pain?

(Association for Psychological Science) Over-the-counter pain relieving drugs have long been used to alleviate physical pain, while a host of other medications have been employed in the treatment of depression and anxiety. But is it possible that a common painkiller could serve double duty, easing not just the physical pains of sore joints and headaches, but also the pain of social rejection? (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

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  BUTALBITAL, ACETAMINOPHEN AND CAFFEINEtablet [Goldline Laboratories, Inc.]

Updated Date: Dec 22, 2009 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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